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Illiquidity and All Its Friends

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  • Tirole, Jean

Abstract

The recent crisis was characterized by massive illiquidity. This paper reviews what we know and don't know about illiquidity and all its friends: market freezes, fire sales, contagion, and ultimately insolvencies and bailouts. It first explains why liquidity cannot easily be apprehended through a single statistics, and asks whether liquidity should be regulated given that a capital adequacy requirement is already in place. The paper then analyzes market breakdowns due to either adverse selection or shortages of financial muscle, and explains why such breakdowns are endogenous to balance sheet choices and to information acquisition. It then looks at what economics can contribute to the debate on systemic risk and its containment. Finally, the paper takes a macroeconomic perspective, discusses shortages of aggregate liquidity and analyses how market value accounting and capital adequacy should react to asset prices. It concludes with a topical form of liquidity provision, monetary bailouts and recapitalizations, and analyses optimal combinations thereof; it stresses the need for macroprudential policies.

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Paper provided by Toulouse School of Economics (TSE) in its series TSE Working Papers with number 09-083.

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Length: 42 pages
Date of creation: 12 Sep 2009
Date of revision: Feb 2010
Publication status: Published in Journal of Economic Literature, vol.�49, n°2, juin 2011, p.�287-325.
Handle: RePEc:tse:wpaper:21959
Contact details of provider: Phone: (+33) 5 61 12 86 23
Web page: http://www.tse-fr.eu/

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
  • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
  • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
  • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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