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Le niveau de richesse des familles d'immigrants au Canada

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  • Zhang, Xuelin

Abstract

L'assimilation economique des immigrants est une preoccupation cle pour les economistes et les responsables de l'elaboration des politiques. De nombreuses etudes portent sur l'assimilation des immigrants en ce qui a trait au revenu. La presente examine la question du point de vue de la richesse a partir des donnees de l'Enquete de 1999 sur la securite financiere. Nous constatons, dans le cas des famille ayant a leur tete des conjoints, du 40e au 90e centile de la repartition de la richesse, le niveau de richesse des familles d'immigrants est plus eleve que celui des familles nees au Canada et que l'ecart de richesse se situe entre 20 000 $ et 78 000 $. Dans le cas des familles mono-parentales, du 55e au 95e centile, le niveau de richesse des familles d'immigrants est plus eleve que celui des familles nees au Canada et l'ecart de richesse se situe entre 14 000 $ et 145 000 $. Dans la tranche inferieure de la distribution, cependant, des elements probants suggerent que les immigrants ont une richesse inferieure, quoique, l'ecart est inferieur a 10 000 $. Les differents resultats des decompositions montrent que l'age du soutien economique principal (et celui de son conjoint dans le cas des familles mariees) de meme que les facteurs qui influent le revenu permanent, expliquent une part significative de l'ecart de richesse dans les cas ou les familles immigrantes ont une plus grande richesse que les familles nees au Canada. Dans la tranche inferieure de la repartition de la richesse, cependant, l'ecart de richesse ne s'explique pas par l'age du soutien economique principal, le revenu permanent et la taille de la famille (ou la situation de famille monoparentale), ce qui laisse supposer que les familles d'immigrants dont le niveau de richesse est faible peuvent agir autrement dans leur processus d'accumulation de richesse, que les familles nees au Canada. L'etude examine egalement l'ecart de richesse selon la cohorte. Comme on pouvait s'y attendre, le niveau de richesse des immigrants recents est inferieur. Les immigrants qui sont arrives au Canada avant 1976, ont une richesse superieure au premier groupe de nouveaux arrivants.. Meme si l'on croit de facon generale que les immigrants qui sont entres au Canada entre 1976 et 1985 ont eprouve au debut un plus grand desavantage sur le plan des revenus que leurs predecesseurs par rapport aux personnes nees au pays, l'etude demontre dans la tranche superieure de la repartition, le niveau de richesse des familles d'immigrants membres de cette cohorte n'est pas sensiblement different de celui des familles comparables nees au Canada, mais que dans la tranche inferieure de la repartition, leur niveau de richesse est inferieur a celui des familles comparables nees au Canada.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Xuelin, 2003. "Le niveau de richesse des familles d'immigrants au Canada," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 2003197f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.
    • Handle: RePEc:stc:stcp3f:2003197f
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    References listed on IDEAS

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