IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/spo/wpmain/infohdl2441-6ggbvnr6munghes9ocm2p250j.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Le salaire dépend-il du sexe du supérieur ?

Author

Listed:
  • Olivier Godechot

    (Centre Maurice Halbwachs (CMH))

Abstract

Les supérieurs femmes promeuvent-elles une plus grande égalité salariale entre hommes et femmes ? Par ailleurs, même si elles voulaient promouvoir plus d’égalité, elles pourraient manquer de pouvoir,non seulement pour mettre en œuvre cette politique mais aussi pour améliorer les salaires de l’ensemble de leurs subordonnés hommes comme femmes. En nous fondant sur l’enquête SalSa et l’enquête COI, nous montrons que les supérieurs femmes semblent effectivement réduire le différentiel de salaire homme–femme. Cette position est toutefois associée à des salaires plus faibles pour leurs subordonnés. Cette situation peut être liée à des biais de sélection : les femmes deviendraient plus facilement des supérieures dans des secteurs, des métiers, des services moins valorisés, où les salaires sont plus faibles. Même en multipliant les contrôles des effets de sélection mesurables, les salariés qui ont un supérieur femme touchent 2,5 à 4 % de moins que ceux qui ont un supérieur homme. En revanche, même si le phénomène demande encore plus ample confirmation, cet écart en fonction du sexe du supérieur semble plus important lorsque le salarié est un homme (–5 à –10 %) que lorsqu'il est une femme (0 % à –3 %). Sous l’encadrement d’une femme, les écarts hommes–femmes seraient donc sensiblement réduits : de 30 % à 85 %. L’interprétation de ce phénomène n’en est encore qu’à ses débuts. Quatre pistes sont proposées : des différences observées entre les positions d’encadrement masculines et féminines, l’impact à position hiérarchique identique de caractéristiques individuelles corrélées au sexe du supérieur, la différence de disposition des hommes et des femmes vis-à-vis de la négociation et de la compétition, et enfin un comportement discriminatoire des entreprises à l’égard des demandes des femmes.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Godechot, 2013. "Le salaire dépend-il du sexe du supérieur ?," Sciences Po publications 13/4, Sciences Po.
  • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/6ggbvnr6munghes9ocm2p250j
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://spire.sciencespo.fr/hdl:/2441/6ggbvnr6munghes9ocm2p250j/resources/2013-godechot-le-salaire-depend-il-du-sexe-du-superieur.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. George A. Akerlof & Rachel E. Kranton, 2000. "Economics and Identity," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 115(3), pages 715-753.
    2. Canton, E.J.F. & Verheul, I., 2009. "Gender Pay Differences in the European Union: Do Higher Wages Make Up For Discrimination?," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2009-041-ORG, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    3. Muriel Niederle & Lise Vesterlund, 2007. "Do Women Shy Away From Competition? Do Men Compete Too Much?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 122(3), pages 1067-1101.
    4. George Baker & Robert Gibbons & Kevin J. Murphy, 1994. "Subjective Performance Measures in Optimal Incentive Contracts," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 109(4), pages 1125-1156.
    5. Prendergast, Canice & Topel, Robert H, 1996. "Favoritism in Organizations," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 104(5), pages 958-978, October.
    6. Clémence Berson, 2011. "Concurrence imparfaite et discrimination sur le marché du travail," Revue économique, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 62(3), pages 409-417.
    7. Charles F. Manski, 1993. "Identification of Endogenous Social Effects: The Reflection Problem," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 60(3), pages 531-542.
    8. Phelps, Edmund S, 1972. "The Statistical Theory of Racism and Sexism," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 62(4), pages 659-661, September.
    9. Ronald S. Burt, 1998. "The Gender Of Social Capital," Rationality and Society, , vol. 10(1), pages 5-46, February.
    10. Dominique Meurs & Sophie Ponthieux, 2006. "L'écart des salaires entre les femmes et les hommes peut-il encore baisser ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 398(1), pages 99-129.
    11. Oaxaca, Ronald L. & Ransom, Michael R., 1994. "On discrimination and the decomposition of wage differentials," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 61(1), pages 5-21, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/6ggbvnr6munghes9ocm2p250j is not listed on IDEAS
    2. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/2ir572v5ci9srbd2th8a6399e2 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Thierry Laurent & Ferhat Mihoubi, 2012. "Sexual Orientation and Wage Discrimination in France: The Hidden Side of the Rainbow," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 487-527, December.
    4. Paul Heidhues & Botond KH{o}szegi & Philipp Strack, 2019. "Overconfidence and Prejudice," Papers 1909.08497, arXiv.org.
    5. Inés P. Murillo & Hipólito Simón, 2014. "La Gran Recesión y el diferencial salarial por género en España," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 208(1), pages 39-76, March.
    6. Rebitzer, James B. & Taylor, Lowell J., 2011. "Extrinsic Rewards and Intrinsic Motives: Standard and Behavioral Approaches to Agency and Labor Markets," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 8, pages 701-772, Elsevier.
    7. Pedro Bordalo & Katherine Coffman & Nicola Gennaioli & Andrei Shleifer, 2016. "Stereotypes," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 131(4), pages 1753-1794.
      • Pedro Bordalo & Katherine Coffman & Nicola Gennaioli & Andrei Shleifer, "undated". "Stereotypes," Working Paper 373306, Harvard University OpenScholar.
      • Pedro Bordalo & Nicola Gennaioli & Andrei Shleifer, 2014. "Stereotypes," NBER Working Papers 20106, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
      • Pedro Bordalo & Katherine Coffman & Nicola Gennaioli & Andrei Shleifer, "undated". "Stereotypes," Working Paper 467407, Harvard University OpenScholar.
      • Pedro Bordalo & Katherine Coffman & Nicola Gennaioli & Andrei Shleifer, 2014. "Stereotypes," Working Paper 200246, Harvard University OpenScholar.
    8. Goodall, Amanda H. & Osterloh, Margit, 2015. "Women Have to Enter the Leadership Race to Win: Using Random Selection to Increase the Supply of Women into Senior Positions," IZA Discussion Papers 9331, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    9. Ashish Arora & Michelle Gittelman & Sarah Kaplan & John Lynch & Will Mitchell & Nicolaj Siggelkow & Cristian L. Dezső & David Gaddis Ross & Jose Uribe, 2016. "Is there an implicit quota on women in top management? A large-sample statistical analysis," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(1), pages 98-115, January.
    10. Hélène Couprie & Elisabeth Cudeville & Catherine Sofer, 2020. "Efficiency versus gender roles and stereotypes: an experiment in domestic production," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 23(1), pages 181-211, March.
    11. Ravi Srivastava, 2019. "Emerging Dynamics of Labour Market Inequality in India: Migration, Informality, Segmentation and Social Discrimination," The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Springer;The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), vol. 62(2), pages 147-171, June.
    12. repec:aru:wpaper:201403 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. SeEun Jung, 2017. "The gender wage gap and sample selection via risk attitudes," International Journal of Manpower, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 38(2), pages 318-335, May.
    14. Uwe Jirjahn, 2011. "Gender, Worker Representation and the Profitability of Firms in Germany," European Journal of Comparative Economics, Cattaneo University (LIUC), vol. 8(2), pages 281-298, December.
    15. Dueñas, Diego & Iglesias, Carlos & Llorente, Raquel, 2014. "Do services reduce gender inequality in labor markets? The service sector, knnowledge-intensive services and the gender pay gap," MPRA Paper 61628, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Matti Keloharju & Samuli Knüpfer & Joacim Tåg, 2022. "What prevents women from reaching the top?," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 51(3), pages 711-738, September.
    17. Miguel A. Fonseca & Ashley McCrea, 2023. "The role of shortlisting in shifting gender beliefs on performance: experimental evidence," Discussion Papers 2315, University of Exeter, Department of Economics.
    18. Beaurain, Guillaume & Masclet, David, 2016. "Does affirmative action reduce gender discrimination and enhance efficiency? New experimental evidence," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 350-362.
    19. David Masclet & Emmanuel Peterle & Sophie Larribeau, 2012. "The Role of Information in Deterring Discrimination: A New Experimental Evidence of Statistical Discrimination," Economics Working Paper Archive (University of Rennes 1 & University of Caen) 201238, Center for Research in Economics and Management (CREM), University of Rennes 1, University of Caen and CNRS.
    20. Pedro Bordalo & Nicola Gennaioli & Andrei Shleifer, 1969. "Stereotypes," Working Paper 154836, Harvard University OpenScholar.
    21. Charness, Gary & Cobo-Reyes, Ramón & Meraglia, Simone & Sánchez, Ángela, 2020. "Anticipated Discrimination, Choices, and Performance: Experimental Evidence," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    22. Glaser, Darrell J. & Rahman, Ahmed S., 2023. "Between the dockyard and the deep blue sea—Retention and personnel economics in the Royal Navy," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    23. Lin Xiu & Morley Gunderson, 2015. "Occupational segregation and the gender earnings gap in China: devils in the details," International Journal of Manpower, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 36(5), pages 711-732, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/6ggbvnr6munghes9ocm2p250j. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Spire @ Sciences Po Library (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ecspofr.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.