IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ptu/wpaper/o202501.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

On the use of collateral by Portuguese monetary policy counterparties: facts and lessons for the future

Author

Listed:
  • Jorge Mourato
  • Madalena Borges
  • Francisco Gaspar
  • Hugo Nogueira

Abstract

This paper analyses the use of collateral for the Eurosystem’s credit operations by Portuguese counterparties for the period 1999-2023, with a particular focus in the period following the implementation of the Basel III regulatory framework. It identifies an increasing mobilisation of non-marketable assets and covered bonds by banks amid the introduction of Basel III as a new international banking regulatory framework and changes in the ESCF. The analysis also looks beyond the collateral pools of banks and quantifies the liquidity potential of unencumbered assets held by a subset of major Portuguese banks from a monetary policy perspective. Moreover, it presents for the first time the collateral pool of Portuguese banks from a regulatory-LCR perspective and concludes that the composition of HQLA vs. non-HQLA in the collateral pool of Portuguese banks changes significantly around periods of large changes in central bank credit exposure. Finally, this paper identifies signs of money market and bond issuance revival in the context of normalization of the ECB’s monetary policy and after the successful conclusion of Portugal’s adjustment programme, through which the country strengthened its banking system and regained market access.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Mourato & Madalena Borges & Francisco Gaspar & Hugo Nogueira, 2025. "On the use of collateral by Portuguese monetary policy counterparties: facts and lessons for the future," Working Papers o202501, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:ptu:wpaper:o202501
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.bportugal.pt/sites/default/files/documents/2025-05/OP202501_EN.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Corradin, Stefano & Heider, Florian & Hoerova, Marie, 2017. "On collateral: implications for financial stability and monetary policy," Working Paper Series 2107, European Central Bank.
    2. Markus K. Brunnermeier & Harold James & Jean-Pierre Landau, 2016. "The Euro and the Battle of Ideas," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 10828.
    3. Hartung, Benjamin, 2024. "Liquidity transformation and Eurosystem credit operations," Working Paper Series 2933, European Central Bank.
    4. Aubrechtova, Jana & Heinle, Elke & Porcel, Rafel Moyà & Torres, Boris Osorno & Piloiu, Anamaria & Queiroz, Ricardo & Silvonen, Torsti & Vaz Cruz, Lia, 2023. "Enhancing climate resilience of monetary policy implementation in the euro area," Occasional Paper Series 318, European Central Bank.
    5. Bindseil, Ulrich & Papadia, Francesco, 2006. "Credit risk mitigation in central bank operations and its effects on financial markets: the case of the Eurosystem," Occasional Paper Series 49, European Central Bank.
    6. Nyborg, Kjell G., 2017. "Central bank collateral frameworks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 198-214.
    7. Auria, Laura & Bingmer, Markus & Graciano, Carlos Mateo Caicedo & Charavel, Clémence & Gavilá, Sergio & Iannamorelli, Alessandra & Levy, Aviram & Maldonado, Alfredo & Resch, Florian & Rossi, Anna Mari, 2021. "Overview of central banks’ in-house credit assessment systems in the euro area," Occasional Paper Series 284, European Central Bank.
    8. Tabakis, Evangelos & Tamura, Kentaro, 2013. "The use of credit claims as collateral for Eurosystem credit operations," Occasional Paper Series 148, European Central Bank.
    9. Nyborg, Kjell G., 2017. "Reprint of: Central bank collateral frameworks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 232-248.
    10. Tamura, Kentaro & Tabakis, Evangelos, 2013. "The use of credit claims as collateral for Eurosystem credit operations," Occasional Paper Series 148, European Central Bank.
    11. repec:ecb:ecbdps:20174 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Grandia, Roel & Hänling, Petra & Russo, Michelina Lo & Aberg, Pontus, 2019. "Availability of high-quality liquid assets and monetary policy operations: an analysis for the euro area," Occasional Paper Series 218, European Central Bank.
    13. Cuzzola, Angelo & Barbieri, Claudio & Bindseil, Ulrich, 2023. "Stress testing with multi-faceted liquidity: the central bank collateral framework as a financial stability tool," Working Paper Series 2814, European Central Bank.
    14. Joana Sousa Leite & Diana Correia & Cristina Coutinho & Carmen Camacho, 2022. "The Banco de Portugal balance sheet expansion during the last two decades: a monetary policy perspective," Working Papers o202205, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
    15. Wedow, Michael & Sahel, Benjamin & Scalia, Antonio & Schobert, Franziska & Bucalossi, Annalisa & Fonseca Coutinho, Cristina & Junius, Kerstin & Luskin, Alaoishe & Momtsia, Angeliki & Rahmouni-Rousseau, 2016. "Basel III and recourse to Eurosystem monetary policy operations," Occasional Paper Series 171, European Central Bank.
    16. Ulrich Bindseil & Francesco Papadia, 2006. "Credit risk mitigation in central bank operations and its effects on financial markets - the case of the Eurosystem," Occasional Paper Series 49, European Central Bank.
    17. Adler, Martin & Camba-Méndez, Gonzalo & Džaja, Tomislav & Manzanares, Andrés & Metra, Matteo & Vocalelli, Giorgio, 2023. "The valuation haircuts applied to eligible marketable assets for ECB credit operations," Occasional Paper Series 312, European Central Bank.
    18. Sylvestre, Julie & Coutinho, Cristina, 2020. "The use of the Eurosystem’s monetary policy instruments and its monetary policy implementation framework between the first quarter of 2018 and the fourth quarter of 2019," Occasional Paper Series 245, European Central Bank.
    19. Laura Auria & Markus Bingmer & Carlos Mateo Caicedo Graciano & Clémence Charavel & Sergio Gavilá & Alessandra Iannamorelli & Aviram Levy & Alfredo Maldonado & Florian Resch & Anna Maria Rossi & Step, 2021. "Overview of central banks’ in-house credit assessment systems in the euro area," Mercati, infrastrutture, sistemi di pagamento (Markets, Infrastructures, Payment Systems) 13, Bank of Italy, Directorate General for Markets and Payment System.
    20. Rebecca McCaughrin & Mr. Simon T Gray & Alexandre Chailloux, 2008. "Central Bank Collateral Frameworks: Principles and Policies," IMF Working Papers 2008/222, International Monetary Fund.
    21. Bindseil, Ulrich, 2014. "Monetary Policy Operations and the Financial System," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198716907, Decembrie.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Auria, Laura & Bingmer, Markus & Graciano, Carlos Mateo Caicedo & Charavel, Clémence & Gavilá, Sergio & Iannamorelli, Alessandra & Levy, Aviram & Maldonado, Alfredo & Resch, Florian & Rossi, Anna Mari, 2021. "Overview of central banks’ in-house credit assessment systems in the euro area," Occasional Paper Series 284, European Central Bank.
    2. Jakob Korbinian Eberl, 2016. "The Collateral Framework of the Eurosystem and Its Fiscal Implications," ifo Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsforschung, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, number 69, September.
    3. Bank for International Settlements, 2015. "Central bank operating frameworks and collateral markets," CGFS Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 53.
    4. Nyborg, Kjell G., 2017. "Central bank collateral frameworks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 198-214.
    5. Nyborg, Kjell G., 2017. "Reprint of: Central bank collateral frameworks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 232-248.
    6. Laura Auria & Markus Bingmer & Carlos Mateo Caicedo Graciano & Clémence Charavel & Sergio Gavilá & Alessandra Iannamorelli & Aviram Levy & Alfredo Maldonado & Florian Resch & Anna Maria Rossi & Step, 2021. "Overview of central banks’ in-house credit assessment systems in the euro area," Mercati, infrastrutture, sistemi di pagamento (Markets, Infrastructures, Payment Systems) 13, Bank of Italy, Directorate General for Markets and Payment System.
    7. Paavola, Aleksi & Voutilainen, Ville, 2024. "Central bank collateral policy and credit pricing: Evidence from Finland," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 7/2024, Bank of Finland.
    8. Sven Steinkamp & Aaron Tornell & Frank Westermann, 2017. "The Euro Area’s Common Pool Problem Revisited: Has the Single Supervisory Mechanism Ameliorated Forbearance and Evergreening?," IEER Working Papers 107, Institute of Empirical Economic Research, Osnabrueck University, revised 06 Oct 2017.
    9. Jean Barthélemy & Vincent Bignon & Benoit Nguyen, 2017. "Illiquid Collateral and Bank Lending during the European Sovereign Debt Crisis," Working papers 631, Banque de France.
    10. Geng, Guangjie & Han, Zhixuan & Wu, Hongli & Cheng, Miao & WANG, RAN & Liu, Huan, 2024. "Collateral policy of the central bank and corporate financing costs: Evidence from China," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    11. Jean Barthélemy & Vincent Bignon & Benoit Nguyen, 2018. "Monetary Policy and Collateral Constraints since the European Debt Crisis," Working papers 669, Banque de France.
    12. Jean‐Stéphane Mésonnier & Charles O'Donnell & Olivier Toutain, 2022. "The Interest of Being Eligible," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 54(2-3), pages 425-458, March.
    13. Schuster, Florian, 2023. "Sovereign spreads, central bank collateral frameworks, and periphery premia in the Eurozone," Papers 277915, Dezernat Zukunft - Institute for Macrofinance, Berlin.
    14. Sergio Gavilá & Alfredo Maldonado & Antonio Marcelo, 2020. "The Banco de España in-house credit assessment system," Revista de Estabilidad Financiera, Banco de España, issue Spring.
    15. Bignon, V. & Boissay, F. & Cahn, C. & Harpedanne De Belleville, L-M, 2016. "Les créances privées davantage éligibles au refinancement de l’Eurosystème Conséquences sur l’offre de crédit," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 206, pages 19-28.
    16. Berg, Jesper, 2017. "The Fall of Bagehot – Monetary policy implementation during the financial crisis," Nationaløkonomisk tidsskrift, Nationaløkonomisk Forening, vol. 2017(1), pages 1-24.
    17. repec:bdi:wptemi:mip_055_024 is not listed on IDEAS
    18. Fuhrer, Lucas Marc & Müller, Benjamin & Steiner, Luzian, 2017. "The Liquidity Coverage Ratio and security prices," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 292-311.
    19. Schuster, Florian, 2023. "Spreads auf Staatsanleihezinsen, der EZB-Sicherheitenrahmen und Peripherieprämien in der Eurozone," Papers 277910, Dezernat Zukunft - Institute for Macrofinance, Berlin.
    20. Sergio Gavilá & Alfredo Maldonado & Antonio Marcelo, 2020. "The Banco de España in-house credit assessment system," Financial Stability Review, Banco de España, issue Spring.
    21. Bindseil, Ulrich & Corsi, Marco & Sahel, Benjamin & Visser, Ad, 2017. "The Eurosystem collateral framework explained," Occasional Paper Series 189, European Central Bank.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • E59 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Other
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ptu:wpaper:o202501. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: DEE-NTD (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/bdpgvpt.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.