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Thirlwall Law: Validity of the Law in Nigeria

Author

Listed:
  • Adesete, Ahmed
  • Osinloye, Adelanfe
  • Abolade, Modupeoluwa
  • Nwachukwu, Christian
  • Onyejeaka, Emmanuel
  • Ojo, Dolapo
  • Ogungbemi, Tosin
  • Phillips, Martins

Abstract

The thirlwall law is also called the balance of payment constraints model. The basic model is anchored on the dynamic Harrod foreign trade multiplier, which is also known as Thirlwall law or the 45 degree rule, developed through the pioneer efforts of Thirlwall (1979). On the assumption of constant relative prices and absence of capital flows, the basic dynamic Harrod foreign trade multiplier postulates that the rate of growth of a country can be predicted by considering the ratio of the rate of growth of a country's exports volume to its income elasticity of demand for imports (that is growth rate of exports volume divided by income elasticity of demand for imports can be used as a basis for predicting a country's growth rate). Thereby this law concludes that the growth rate of a country is balance of payment constrained. The broad objective of this study is to test for validity of Thirlwall law on the Nigeria economy that is to check if this law is applicable to the economy of Nigeria as a whole . The specific objectives of the study are: - to check if there is long run balance of payment equilibrium. - to examine if Nigeria economic growth is balance of payment constrained. - To determine elasticity of import and export of Nigeria. This law has been tested in several countries including developed and developing countries of the world but very few study has been done on it in Nigeria. Therefore, this study seeks to test if the Thirlwall law is relevant to Nigeria economy. This study also aims to fill the knowledge gap in that: - is Nigeria balance of payment constrained ? - is there a long run balance of payment equilibrium in Nigeria ? - what is the elasticity of import and export of Nigeria ? This study employs a recently developed autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration procedure by Pesaran and Shin (1999) and Pesaran et al to estimate the import function. The Wald test statistic and graphical plotting of the actual growth rate and predicted growth rate is used as the test for thirlwall hypothesis. Augmented dickey fuller test is used to test for stationarity of the series and variables are differenced in a case of non-stationarity of the series.

Suggested Citation

  • Adesete, Ahmed & Osinloye, Adelanfe & Abolade, Modupeoluwa & Nwachukwu, Christian & Onyejeaka, Emmanuel & Ojo, Dolapo & Ogungbemi, Tosin & Phillips, Martins, 2018. "Thirlwall Law: Validity of the Law in Nigeria," MPRA Paper 86493, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Apr 2018.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:86493
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Johansen, Soren & Juselius, Katarina, 1990. "Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration--With Applications to the Demand for Money," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 52(2), pages 169-210, May.
    2. Anthony P. Thirlwall, 2011. "The Balance of Payments Constraint as an Explanation of International Growth Rate Differences," PSL Quarterly Review, Economia civile, vol. 64(259), pages 429-438.
    3. M. Hashem Pesaran & Yongcheol Shin & Richard J. Smith, 2001. "Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 289-326.
    4. Johansen, Soren, 1988. "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 12(2-3), pages 231-254.
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    JEL classification:

    • E0 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General
    • E1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models
    • E6 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
    • F4 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
    • N0 - Economic History - - General
    • O4 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity

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