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Equity and Nonequity Determinants of FHA Single-Family Mortgage Foreclosures in the 1980s

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  • Patric H. Hendershott
  • William R. Schultz

Abstract

We examine foreclosures on FHA single family mortgages insured during 1975-87. The importance of the market value of borrower equity, and of the dispersion of national house prices support much earlier work emphasizing the key role of negative equity in triggering default. The lower the "mean" market value of equity is, and the greater dispersion is, the more borrowers will be likely to have negative equity. The unemployment rate and the book value of borrower equity also are significant determinants of default. Unemployment is one event that can force borrowers to move. The decision to move increases the likelihood of default, because moving costs no longer deter default, and the costs of selling the house reduce the effective equity in the house. The book value of equity also is relevant to this decision, because it is what sellers will receive if they move without defaulting. Both of these variables are significant determinants of default, but the employment impact rises as book equity declines (with large book equity, unemployment should not matter, because selling the house is preferred to default).

Suggested Citation

  • Patric H. Hendershott & William R. Schultz, 1993. "Equity and Nonequity Determinants of FHA Single-Family Mortgage Foreclosures in the 1980s," NBER Working Papers 4440, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:4440
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kerry D. Vandell & Thomas Thibodeau, 1985. "Estimation of Mortgage Defaults Using Disaggregate Loan History Data," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 13(3), pages 292-316, September.
    2. Hendershott, Patric H & Waddell, James A, 1992. "The Changing Fortunes of FHA's Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund and the Legislative Response," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 5(2), pages 119-132, June.
    3. Patric H. Hendershott, 1985. "Pricing Adjustable Rate Mortgages," NBER Working Papers 1548, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. S. Michael Giliberto & Arthur L. Houston, 1989. "Relocation Opportunities and Mortgage Default," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 17(1), pages 55-69, March.
    5. Chester Foster & Robert Van Order, 1985. "FHA Terminations: A Prelude to Rational Mortgage Pricing," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 13(3), pages 273-291, September.
    6. Donald F. Cunningham & Patric H. Hendershott, 1984. "Pricing FHA Mortgage Default Insurance," NBER Working Papers 1382, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hendershott, Patric H., 1996. "Introduction and overview," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(3-4), pages 227-234, June.
    2. Hyeongjun Kim & Hoon Cho & Doojin Ryu, 2018. "Characteristics of Mortgage Terminations: an Analysis of a Loan-Level Dataset," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 57(4), pages 647-676, November.
    3. George H. Lentz & Ko Wang, 1998. "Residential Appraisal and the Lending Process: A Survey of Issues," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 15(1), pages 11-40.
    4. Samir Amine & Wilner Predelus, 2019. "The Persistence of the 2008-2009 Recession and Insolvency Filings in Canada," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 39(1), pages 84-93.
    5. Moon, Byunggeor, 2018. "Housing investment, default risk, and expectations: Focusing on the chonsei market in Korea," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 80-90.
    6. Xudong An & Yongheng Deng & Eric Rosenblatt & Vincent Yao, 2012. "Model Stability and the Subprime Mortgage Crisis," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 45(3), pages 545-568, October.
    7. Sumit Agarwal & Chunlin Liu, 2003. "Determinants of credit card delinquency and bankruptcy: Macroeconomic factors," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 27(1), pages 75-84, March.
    8. Timothy Jones & Dean Gatzlaff & G. Stacy Sirmans, 2016. "Housing Market Dynamics: Disequilibrium, Mortgage Default, and Reverse Mortgages," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 269-281, October.

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    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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