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The Role of Financial Conditions in Portfolio Choices: The Case of Insurers

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  • Shan Ge
  • Michael S. Weisbach

Abstract

Many institutional investors depend on the returns they generate to fund their operations and liabilities. How do these investors’ financial conditions affect the management of their portfolios? We address this issue using the insurance industry because insurers are large investors for which detailed portfolio data are available, and can face financial shocks from exogenous weather events that help us establish causality. Among corporate bonds, for which we can control for regulatory treatment, results suggest that when Property & Casualty (P&C) insurers become more constrained due to operating losses, they shift towards safer bonds. The effect of losses on allocations is likely to be causal since it holds when instrumenting for losses with weather shocks. The change in allocations following losses is larger for smaller or worse-rated insurers and during the financial crisis, suggesting that the shift toward safer securities is driven by concerns about financial flexibility. The results highlight the importance of financial conditions in institutional investors’ portfolio decisions.

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  • Shan Ge & Michael S. Weisbach, 2019. "The Role of Financial Conditions in Portfolio Choices: The Case of Insurers," NBER Working Papers 25677, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:25677
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    Cited by:

    1. Beyer, Marcel, 2023. "Gambling for recovery? Exploring the riskiness of European insurers' assets during the Covid-19 crisis 2020," ICIR Working Paper Series 46/23, Goethe University Frankfurt, International Center for Insurance Regulation (ICIR), revised 2023.
    2. Benjamin Knox & Jakob Ahm Sørensen, 2024. "Insurers’ Investments and Insurance Prices," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2024-058, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    3. David Landriault & Bin Li & Hong Li & Yuanyuan Zhang, 2024. "Contract Structure and Risk Aversion in Longevity Risk Transfers," Papers 2409.08914, arXiv.org.
    4. Kristy Jansen & Sven Klingler & Angelo Ranaldo & Patty Duijm, 2024. "Pension Liquidity Risk," Working Papers 801, DNB.
    5. Kirti, Divya, 2024. "When gambling for resurrection is too risky," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    6. Thiemo Fetzer & Benjamin Guin & Felipe Netto & Farzad Saidi, 2024. "Insurers Monitor Shocks to Collateral: Micro Evidence from Mortgage-backed Securities," ECONtribute Discussion Papers Series 334, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.
    7. Shan Ge, 2022. "How Do Financial Constraints Affect Product Pricing? Evidence from Weather and Life Insurance Premiums," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 77(1), pages 449-503, February.
    8. Wang, Yan & Tian, Xu, 2023. "Underwriter strength and credit spread of corporate bond issuance," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PC).
    9. Natee Amornsiripanitch & Zeqiong Huang & David Kwon & Jinjie Lin, 2022. "Net Income Measurement, Investor Inattention, and Firm Decisions," Working Papers 22-05, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    10. Thiemo Fetzer & Benjamin Guin & Felipe Netto & Farzad Saidi, 2024. "Insurers Monitor Shocks to Collateral: Micro Evidence from Mortgage-backed Securities," CRC TR 224 Discussion Paper Series crctr224_2024_590, University of Bonn and University of Mannheim, Germany.
    11. Johan Hombert & Victor Lyonnet, 2022. "Can Risk Be Shared across Investor Cohorts? Evidence from a Popular Savings Product," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 35(12), pages 5387-5437.
    12. Kubitza, Christian, 2021. "Investor-driven corporate finance: Evidence from insurance markets," ICIR Working Paper Series 43/21, Goethe University Frankfurt, International Center for Insurance Regulation (ICIR).
    13. Ishita Sen, 2023. "Regulatory Limits to Risk Management," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 36(6), pages 2175-2223.
    14. Bustos, Emil & Engist, Oliver & Martinsson, Gustav & Thomann, Christian, 2022. "Financing Constraints and Risk Management: Evidence From Micro-Level Insurance Data," Working Paper Series 1452, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    15. Fetzer, Thiemo & Guin, Benjamin & Netto, Felipe, 2024. "Insurers Monitor Shocks to Collateral : Micro Evidence from Mortgage-backed Securities," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 1514, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
    16. Chia‐Chun Chiang & Hugh Hoikwang Kim & Greg Niehaus, 2022. "Opaque liabilities, learning, and the cost of equity capital for insurers," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 89(4), pages 1031-1076, December.
    17. Greg Niehaus, 2023. "Personal taxes, cost of insurer equity capital, and the case of offshore hedge fund reinsurers," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 90(2), pages 249-281, June.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies
    • G31 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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