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Impact of Ethnicities on Market Outcome: Results of Market Experiments in Kenya

Author

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  • Ken-Ichi Shimomura

    (Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration (RIEB), Kobe University, Japan)

  • Takehiko Yamato

    (Department of Social Engineering, Graduate School of Decision Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan)

Abstract

We study market exchange in the laboratory by a multiethnic experiment in Kenya. The subjects of our experiment are of three ethnicities, Kikuyu, Luo, and Kalenjin. Our model contains two types of consumers and two kinds of commodities, and three competitive equilibria exist. The two equilibria with the lowest, and highest relative prices are beneficial for one type of the consumers, and the intermediate price gives an equitable allocation. The tatonnement dynamics however predict that relative prices diverge from the intermediate equilibrium towards the lowest equilibrium or the highest equilibrium depending on initial prices. In order to examine how much effect the ethnicities of subjects have on the equilibrium selection, we conducted manual experiments of pit market trading with different combinations of ethnicities of subjects. Our result shows strong support for the convergence to the intermediate equilibrium when Kalenjin subjects participated, whereas no such data are obtained without them. In addition, the frequencies of transactions with Kalenjin subjects were significantly less than that with the other subjects only, and the less frequent transactions resulted in the more efficient outcomes of the experimental market.

Suggested Citation

  • Ken-Ichi Shimomura & Takehiko Yamato, 2011. "Impact of Ethnicities on Market Outcome: Results of Market Experiments in Kenya," Discussion Paper Series DP2011-10, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University.
    • Handle: RePEc:kob:dpaper:dp2011-10
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    File URL: https://www.rieb.kobe-u.ac.jp/academic/ra/dp/English/DP2011-10.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Timothy Cason & Tatsuyoshi Saijo & Takehiko Yamato, 2002. "Voluntary Participation and Spite in Public Good Provision Experiments: An International Comparison," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 5(2), pages 133-153, October.
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    7. Roth, Alvin E. & Vesna Prasnikar & Masahiro Okuno-Fujiwara & Shmuel Zamir, 1991. "Bargaining and Market Behavior in Jerusalem, Ljubljana, Pittsburgh, and Tokyo: An Experimental Study," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 81(5), pages 1068-1095, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Junyi Shen & Ken-Ichi Shimomura & Takehiko Yamato & Tokinao Ohtaka & Kiyotaka Takahashi, 2015. "Revisiting Marshallian versus Walrasian Stability in an Experimental Market," Discussion Paper Series DP2015-30, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University, revised May 2016.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Economic Experiment; Kenya; Pit Market; Perfect Competition; Multiple Equilibria;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C92 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Group Behavior
    • D51 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Exchange and Production Economies

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