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Pecking Order Versus Trade-Off: An Empirical Approach To The Small And Medium Enterprise Capital Structure

Author

Listed:
  • Francisco Sogorb- Mira

    (Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera)

  • José Lopez- Gracia

    (Universitat de València)

Abstract

In this paper, we explore two of the most relevant theories that explain financial policy in small and medium enterprises (SMEs): pecking order theory and trade-off theory. Panel data methodology is used to test the empirical hypotheses over a sample of 6482 Spanish SMEs during the five-year period 1994?1998. The results suggest that both theoretical approaches contribute to explain capital structure in SMEs. However, while we find evidence that SMEs attempt to achieve a target or optimum leverage (trade-off model), there is less support for the view that SMEs adjust their leverage level to their financing requirements (pecking order model). En este trabajo, exploramos dos de las teorías más relevantes que explican lapolítica de financiación de la pequeña y mediana empresa: la selección jerárquica y elequilibrio estático. El contraste de hipótesis se lleva a cabo con metodología de datos depanel, a partir de una muestra de 6482 pymes españolas, que presentan informaciónfinanciera a lo largo del periodo 1994-1998. Los resultados indican que ambos enfoquescontribuyen a explicar la estructura de capital de las pymes, si bien mientras que seconfirma la existencia de un endeudamiento objetivo u óptimo que estas empresas tratande alcanzar (modelo de equilibrio estático), no parece quedar claro que ajusten su nivelde deuda a sus necesidades de financiación (modelo de selección jerárquica).

Suggested Citation

  • Francisco Sogorb- Mira & José Lopez- Gracia, 2003. "Pecking Order Versus Trade-Off: An Empirical Approach To The Small And Medium Enterprise Capital Structure," Working Papers. Serie EC 2003-09, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie).
  • Handle: RePEc:ivi:wpasec:2003-09
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    Cited by:

    1. Otavio Ribeiro De Medeiros & Cecilio Elias Daher, 2004. "Testing Static Tradeoff against Pecking Order Models of Capital Structure in Brazilian Firms," Finance 0412019, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. ShiXue He & Marcel Ausloos, 2017. "Impact of the Global Crisis on SME Internal vs. External Financing in China," Papers 1707.06635, arXiv.org.
    3. Christoph Börner & Dietmar Grichnik & Frank Reize, 2010. "Finanzierungsentscheidungen mittelständischer Unternehmer — Einflussfaktoren der Fremdfinanzierung deutscher KMU," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 62(2), pages 227-275, March.
    4. Irena Jindrichovska & Erginbay Ugurlu & Dana Kubickova, 2013. "Changes in Capital Structure of Czech SMEs: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach," Ekonomika a Management, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2013(3), pages 6-26.
    5. Valentín Azofra Palenzuea & Paolo Saona Hoffmann & Eleuterio Vallelado González, 2004. "Estructura De Propiedad Y Oportunidades De Crecimiento Como Determinantes Del Endeudamiento De Las Empresas Chilenas," Abante, Escuela de Administracion. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., vol. 7(2), pages 105-145.
    6. Niloufar Rezaie Nejad & Shaista Wasiuzzaman, 2015. "Multilevel Determinants of Capital Structure: Evidence from Malaysia," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 16(2), pages 199-212, April.
    7. Javier Sánchez-Vidal & Juan Martín-Ugedo, 2005. "Financing Preferences of Spanish Firms: Evidence on the Pecking Order Theory," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 25(4), pages 341-355, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    selección jerárquica; equilibrio estático; estructura de capital; pymes; datos de panel. Pecking Order; Trade-off; Capital Structure; Small and Medium Enterprises; Panel Data.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C34 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models; Switching Regression Models
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation

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