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Besoins de financement de la reconstruction de l��conomie congolaise: ampleur et conditions pr�alables

Author

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  • Marysse, Stefaan
  • Luzolele Lola Nkakala, Laurent

Abstract

Le revirement de la politique �conomique congolaise apr�s la mort du pr�sident L.Kabila a su s�duire la communaut� financi�re internationale (entre autre le FMI et la Banque Mondiale ) qui a chang� de ton et de politque en un temps record. Avec d'autres ouvertures sur le plan politique en ce qui concerne la guerre, ces �volutions ont suscit� une renaissance d'espoir pour des lendemains meilleurs. Malheureusement, l'espoir et le changement d'attitudes (regain de s�curit� et dimunition de la pratique de corruption) qu'on apercevait � Kinshasa et ailleurs, lors de l'accession au pouvoir du p�re Kabila, s'�taient dissip�s � cause de la guerre et parce que le v�cu quotidien de la population ne changeait gu�re. Maintenant, gr�ce aux premiers signes du d�blocage du processus de la paix, de la dimunition de l'isolement international, des nouvelles mesures d'�conomie politique, un m�me climat d'espoir et d'attentes, sans doute multiples et difficiles � satisfaire totalement et dans l'imm�diat, semble r�gner. Pour que ces attentes soient un peu r�alistes, il faudrait voir les conditions (dispositions) r�elles de cr�ation d'un environnement propice qui puisse permettre � cette p�riode post-conflit de jeter les bases d'un d�veloppement durable. Pour pouvoir d�terminer le besoin de financement de la reconstruction post-conflit, il y a diff�rents facteurs � prendre en compte. D'abord il faudra pouvoir �valuer le co�t du r�tablissement des fonctions minimales de l'Etat, mais aussi tomber d'accord sur la red�finition du r�le de l'Etat. Ensuite, il faudra estimer le montant d'investissements �trangers dont on aurait besoin pour r�tablir un appareil de production comp�titif internationalement. Ces investissements ne se laissent pas commander par des institutions politiques nationales mais d�pendent de la confiance (capital social) que la communaut� internationale a dans la politique �conomique suivie. Ensuite dans une �tape ult�rieure on pourra reconstituer une assiette fiscale propre et des investissements endog�nes sans d�pendre de l'ext�rieur. Le probl�me crucial dans ce domaine est la trajectoire temporelle pour arriver � un d�veloppement macro-�conomique durable: en d'autres termes, le Congo devra parvenir � se financer par ses moyens propres pour acc�der � une ind�pendance �conomique. Cette d�finition ne veut nullement pr�ner une d�connexion du syst�me mondial pour le Congo, bien au contraire. Les pays en d�veloppement qui peuvent d�cider eux-m�mes de la politique �conomique qu'ils suivent, sont des pays qui se sont ins�r�s de force dans la comp�tition internationale et ont bien utilis� leurs ressources �conomiques (L'�le Maurice, le Botswana, Singapore, la Cor�e du Sud, etc).

Suggested Citation

  • Marysse, Stefaan & Luzolele Lola Nkakala, Laurent, 2002. "Besoins de financement de la reconstruction de l��conomie congolaise: ampleur et conditions pr�alables," IOB Discussion Papers 2002.03, Universiteit Antwerpen, Institute of Development Policy (IOB).
  • Handle: RePEc:iob:dpaper:2002003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul Collier & Anke Hoeffler, 2004. "Greed and grievance in civil war," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 56(4), pages 563-595, October.
    2. Paul Collier & Anke Hoeffler, 2000. "Greed and Grievance in Civil War," CSAE Working Paper Series 2000-18, Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford.
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