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Two-Sided Market, R&D and Payments System Evolution

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  • Ms. Grace B Li
  • James McAndrews
  • Zhu Wang

Abstract

It takes many years for more efficient electronic payments to be widely used, and the fees that merchants (consumers) pay for using those services are increasing (decreasing) over time. We address these puzzles by studying payments system evolution with a dynamic model in a twosided market setting. We calibrate the model to the U.S. payment card data, and conduct welfare and policy analysis. Our analysis shows that the market power of electronic payment networks plays important roles in explaining the slow adoption and asymmetric price changes, and the welfare impact of regulations may vary significantly through the endogenous R&D channel.

Suggested Citation

  • Ms. Grace B Li & James McAndrews & Zhu Wang, 2019. "Two-Sided Market, R&D and Payments System Evolution," IMF Working Papers 2019/057, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2019/057
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Kim Huynh & Gradon Nicholls & Oleksandr Shcherbakov, 2022. "Equilibrium in Two-Sided Markets for Payments: Consumer Awareness and the Welfare Cost of the Interchange Fee," Staff Working Papers 22-15, Bank of Canada.
    2. Guerino Ardizzi & Andrea Nobili & Giorgia Rocco, 2020. "A game changer in payment habits: evidence from daily data during a pandemic," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 591, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    3. Dr. Kyriazopoulos Georgios & Thanou Efthymia, 2020. "Mergers and Acquisitions and how they affect the Labor productivity. Evidence from the Greek Banking system," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 10(2), pages 1-3.
    4. Sofia Priazhkina & Samuel Palmer & Pablo Martín-Ramiro & Román Orús & Samuel Mugel & Vladimir Skavysh, 2024. "Digital Payments in Firm Networks: Theory of Adoption and Quantum Algorithm," Staff Working Papers 24-17, Bank of Canada.
    5. Ilia Chapyshev & Ansel Shaidullin, 2024. "Study of the Problem of Interoperability of the Bank of Russia's Digital Currency," Russian Journal of Money and Finance, Bank of Russia, vol. 83(1), pages 104-126, March.
    6. Arifovic, Jasmina & Duffy, John & Jiang, Janet Hua, 2023. "Adoption of a new payment method: Experimental evidence," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    WP; fixed cost; payment card; R&D; Technology Adoption; Two-Sided Market; consumer welfare; card fee; cap regulation; card adoption; cash consumer; adoption cost; Currencies; Personal income; Payment systems; Credit; Technological innovation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E4 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates
    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
    • O3 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights

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