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Trade is not necessary for agglomeration to arise

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  • Kristian Behrens

    (LATEC - Laboratoire d'Analyse et de Techniques Economiques [UMR 5118] - UB - Université de Bourgogne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

We develop a spatial general equilibrium model in which the absence of trade is an endogenous outcome and we show that trade is not a necessarycondition for agglomeration to arise. More precisely, extending the modeldeveloped by Ottaviano et al. [13], we show that equilibria without tradediffer significantly from those obtained in the presence of trade. Somewhatsurprisingly, equilibrium structures without trade are richer than those withtrade, since partial agglomeration becomes a feasible outcome. Equilibrianow depend on the ratio of mobile to immobile factors and an increase in thatratio triggers a process of spatial agglomeration.

Suggested Citation

  • Kristian Behrens, 2003. "Trade is not necessary for agglomeration to arise," Working Papers hal-01526534, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-01526534
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-01526534
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Puga, Diego, 1999. "The rise and fall of regional inequalities," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 303-334, February.
    2. Belleflamme, Paul & Picard, Pierre & Thisse, Jacques-Francois, 2000. "An Economic Theory of Regional Clusters," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 158-184, July.
    3. Gianmarco Ottaviano & Takatoshi Tabuchi & Jacques-François Thisse, 2021. "Agglomeration And Trade Revisited," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Firms and Workers in a Globalized World Larger Markets, Tougher Competition, chapter 3, pages 59-85, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
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    5. Thisse, Jacques-François & Tabuchi, Takatoshi, 2002. "Regional Specialization and Transport Costs," CEPR Discussion Papers 3542, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    6. Krugman, Paul, 1991. "Increasing Returns and Economic Geography," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 99(3), pages 483-499, June.
    7. Keith Head & Thierry Mayer, 2000. "Non-Europe: The magnitude and causes of market fragmentation in the EU," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 136(2), pages 284-314, June.
    8. Tabuchi, Takatoshi & Thisse, Jacques-Francois, 2002. "Taste heterogeneity, labor mobility and economic geography," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(1), pages 155-177, October.
    9. Deaton,Angus & Muellbauer,John, 1980. "Economics and Consumer Behavior," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521296762.
    10. Ginsburgh, Victor & Papageorgiou, Yorgo & Thisse, Jacques-Francois, 1985. "On existence and stability of spatial equilibria and steady-states," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 149-158, June.
    11. OTTAVIANO, Gianmarco I.P. & THISSE, Jacques-François, 2001. "On economic geography in economic theory: increasing returns and pecuniary externalities," LIDAM Reprints CORE 1506, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    12. W. Hildenbrand & H. Sonnenschein (ed.), 1991. "Handbook of Mathematical Economics," Handbook of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, edition 1, volume 4, number 4.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kristian Behrens, 2003. "International trade and internal geography revisited," Working Papers hal-01526511, HAL.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Agglomeration; Corner solutions; Imperfect competition; Trade;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D11 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Theory
    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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