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Évaluation des effets des brusques fermetures d'établissements sur les trajectoires salariales

Author

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  • Jean-Francois Royer

    (CREST - Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique - ENSAI - Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] - Groupe ENSAE-ENSAI - Groupe des Écoles Nationales d'Économie et Statistique - X - École polytechnique - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris - ENSAE Paris - École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique - Groupe ENSAE-ENSAI - Groupe des Écoles Nationales d'Économie et Statistique - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Pour des salariés qui travaillent dans une même entreprise depuis des années, parfois des décennies, la fermeture de leur établissement constitue un choc qui peut avoir des répercussions à long terme. En moyenne chaque année, c'est environ 2 % des salariés des établissements de plus de dix salariés qui sont touchés. En comparant leurs trajectoires salariales ultérieures avec celles des autres salariés, cet article s'efforce d'évaluer les effets durables du choc. Un supplément de départs hors du salariat de l'ordre de 6 % s'observe dans les deux premières années suivant la fermeture. Plus de la moitié des salariés touchés sont amenés par la fermeture à changer de zone d'emploi, et pour le tiers de ces « mobiles », leur nouvel emploi résulte d'un reclassement dans la même entreprise. La masse salariale de ceux qui n'ont pas quitté définitivement le salariat rattrape progressivement celle des salariés non touchés, sans y parvenir tout à fait : au bout de sept ans, un écart faible mais significatif, de l'ordre de 5 %, subsiste. Ces effets sont proches de ceux observés dans certains pays d'Europe du Nord (Suède, Norvège), mais beaucoup moins importants que ceux attestés aux États-Unis. On manque toutefois de statistiques en France sur les compensations effectivement perçues par les salariés licenciés à la suite d'une fermeture, pour dresser un bilan complet des effets de ces évènements sur les revenus des salariés touchés.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Francois Royer, 2011. "Évaluation des effets des brusques fermetures d'établissements sur les trajectoires salariales," Post-Print hal-05579982, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05579982
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://insee.hal.science/hal-05579982v1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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