An inclusive social protection reform in Morocco facing structural realities[Un projet de protection sociale inclusif au Maroc confronté aux réalités structurelles]

This article examines whether, and to what extent, the Moroccan reform to generalize social protection manages to establish effective distributive justice. The analysis is based on a triangulation of quantitative data (from the CNSS, HCP, the Court of Accounts, and the EESC) and qualitative sources (institutional reports, media surveys), making it possible to assess both objective coverage indicators and the perceptions of vulnerable households. The results show that, on the one hand, the targeting via the Single Social Register, characterized by its opacity, and on the other hand, the choice of a Bismarckian funding model unsuited to a labor market marked by an inequitable distribution of wages, risk, instead of correcting social divisions, reproducing inequalities. The article concludes that a truly inclusive social protection system requires moving beyond strict targeting in favor of a more universal approach, supported by progressive taxation of large fortunes and by the recognition of the social contributions of marginalized citizens.