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Résilience et entrepreneuriat : une approche dynamique et biographique de l'acte d'entreprendre

Author

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  • Marie-Josée Bernard

    (EM - EMLyon Business School)

  • Saulo Dubard Barbosa

    (EM - EMLyon Business School)

Abstract

Dans la littérature en Entrepreneuriat, la résilience est principalement présentée comme un trait de caractère de l'entrepreneur. Nous proposons de l'étudier en tant que processus et nous explorons plus particulièrement le rôle que peut jouer la dynamique de résilience dans le déclenchement de la décision d'entreprendre. Nous avons recueilli les récits de vie de trois entrepreneurs résilients et nous avons analysé en détail leurs parcours comprenant un total de 206 événements critiques. A partir de cette analyse, nous avons élaboré un modèle qui s'appuie sur la théorie du traumatisme comme élément déclencheur du processus de résilience et qui met en avant les éléments clefs nourrissant ce processus. Nous constatons que plusieurs de ces éléments sont précurseurs d'une démarche entrepreneuriale : les tuteurs de résilience apportent les nourritures affectives nécessaires pour que l'individu soit capable de se construire un réseau social, l'engagement dans l'action permet d'avoir des expériences et des interactions qui sont sources d'apprentissages, les victoires intermédiaires et le travail sur l'estime de soi apportent une légitimité et une confiance en soi nécessaires à entreprendre plus tard. Enfin, la notion de quête de sens et de cohérence met en lumière les écarts entre les valeurs personnelles de l'individu et les pratiques managériales de l'organisation où il est employé, contribuant à le déplacer vers l'entrepreneuriat et à façonner son projet de création d'entreprise. Notre étude montre ainsi que la dynamique de résilience peut participer de manière multidimensionnelle au faisceau de causalités sources du déplacement vers l'entrepreneuriat.

Suggested Citation

  • Marie-Josée Bernard & Saulo Dubard Barbosa, 2016. "Résilience et entrepreneuriat : une approche dynamique et biographique de l'acte d'entreprendre," Post-Print hal-02313427, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02313427
    DOI: 10.3917/mana.192.0089
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-02313427
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    1. Amelie Villeger, 2023. "Couple’s Entrepreneurship: Who Loves me Follows me," Post-Print hal-04429515, HAL.

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