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Termination of SNAP Emergency Allotments, Food Sufficiency, and Economic Hardships

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Abstract

To meet the rising need for food and nutrition assistance during the pandemic in the United States, all states were approved to provide Emergency Allotments (EA) to households enrolled in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). In this analysis, we use the Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Surveys and exploit staggered state-level variation in dissolution of the SNAP EA payments to study whether the end of EA is associated with food-related challenges and economic hardships. Our findings indicate that EA termination is followed by a decrease in the likelihood that adult survey respondents had sufficient food for consumption and an increase in the probability of experiencing difficulty in paying meeting with usual household expenses. These findings provide policy-relevant insights into the potential impact of the nationwide termination of the EA payments that came into effect in early 2023.

Suggested Citation

  • Kabir Dasgupta & Alexander Plum, 2023. "Termination of SNAP Emergency Allotments, Food Sufficiency, and Economic Hardships," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2023-046, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2023-46
    DOI: 10.17016/FEDS.2023.046
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    File URL: https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/files/2023046pap.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Toossi, Saied & Jones, Jordan W. & Hodges, Leslie, "undated". "The Food and Nutrition Assistance Landscape: Fiscal Year 2020 Annual Report," USDA Miscellaneous 313475, United States Department of Agriculture.
    2. Clément de Chaisemartin & Xavier D'Haultfœuille, 2020. "Two-Way Fixed Effects Estimators with Heterogeneous Treatment Effects," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 110(9), pages 2964-2996, September.
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    5. Athey, Susan & Imbens, Guido W., 2022. "Design-based analysis in Difference-In-Differences settings with staggered adoption," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 226(1), pages 62-79.
    6. Callaway, Brantly & Sant’Anna, Pedro H.C., 2021. "Difference-in-Differences with multiple time periods," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 225(2), pages 200-230.
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    Cited by:

    1. Huang, Junhua & Valizadeh, Pourya & Bryant, Henry, 2025. "Estimating the Impact of Emergency Allotment Expiration on Grocery Spending Patterns of SNAP Households," 2025 AAEA & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2025, Denver, CO 360879, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being
    • J10 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - General

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