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Evaluación Económica de Políticas Públicas

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  • Ginés de Rus

Abstract

Las políticas públicas deberían ser sometidas a evaluación económica antes de su aprobación. El valor social de las mismas se deriva de su efecto sobre el bienestar de los individuos que integran la sociedad. Esta observación ofrece un punto común de partida para la evaluación de políticas muy diversas, incluyendo la implementación de nuevas regulaciones medioambientales, los grandes proyectos de inversión en infraestructuras económicas y sociales o las políticas educativas, entre muchas otras. Todas ellas han de evaluarse a partir de la identificación y cuantificación de sus beneficios y costes sociales esperados. En España la tradición de evaluación económica es escasa, y aunque todos los agentes sociales parecen coincidir en la necesidad de evaluar las políticas públicas antes de su implementación, dicha unanimidad puede estar revelando la probable ausencia de una noción compartida de lo que es la evaluación económica. En la literatura económica, sin embargo, las cosas están claras. El análisis coste-beneficio es la mejor herramienta metodológica de la que disponemos para la evaluación económica ex ante de las políticas públicas y su metodología está bien desarrollada en una extensa literatura. En el presente trabajo se ofrece una introducción a esta metodología en la que se exponen sus fundamentos y se ilustran algunos de sus procedimientos prácticos. El trabajo puede verse como una breve guía de buenas prácticas que esperamos pueda ser de utilidad para el personal de las agencias de evaluación que ahora se pretende potenciar.

Suggested Citation

  • Ginés de Rus, 2025. "Evaluación Económica de Políticas Públicas," Working Papers 2025-06, FEDEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:fda:fdaddt:2025-06
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    References listed on IDEAS

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