IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/euv/dpaper/25.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Linking von Emissionshandelssystemen: Die EU als Vorreiter für einen globalen CO2-Markt?

Author

Listed:
  • Eva-Maria Mauer

    (Europa-Universität Viadrina)

Abstract

Abstract

This paper examines whether the EU can act as a forerunner in building an international carbon market trough linking with other emission trading systems. Therefore, the principles of emission trading and the advantages of linking are described and analyzed. The main advantages of linking are that emission reduction can be achieved at lower cost and that the risk of carbon leakage is reduced. This in turn might allow countries to set more stringent climate targets. From that perspective, the preconditions for linking emissions trading systems are analyzed in order to identify those design features that should be aligned prior to linking. Among these are the stringency and the type of the target as well as the use of credits from international offset programs. Taking these preconditions into account, the compatibility of the EU’s system with different emission trading systems is considered. Because of diverging design features, the current linking options of the EU are rather limited. Nevertheless, since many emission trading systems around the world are just in the making, the EU should engage with these countries from an early stage on in order to accompany the design process of these emission trading systems such that linking agreements become possible in the future. Lastly, linking as part of the international climate architecture is analyzed. Therefore, the latest climate treaty that was agreed on in Paris in December 2015 is examined. Indeed, the Paris Agreement encourages bilateral or plurilateral cooperation between states in order to fulfill their reduction requirements. This includes the trading of emission reduction units across borders. At the same time, the Paris Agreement provides for guidelines that are established in the framework of the UN in order to ensure the environmental integrity of such cross-border transfers.

Zusammenfassung

In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, inwiefern die EU bei der Bildung eines globalen CO2- Marktes durch die Verknüpfung mit anderen Emissionshandelssystemen (Linking) als Vorreiter agieren kann. Hierfür werden die Prinzipien des Emissionshandels und die Vorteile von Linking beschrieben und analysiert. Die Verknüpfung von Emissionshandelssystemen wird als Möglichkeit gesehen, striktere Klimaziele zu erreichen, weil hierdurch einerseits Emissionsreduktionen zu geringeren Kosten realisiert werden können und andererseits das Risiko für CO2-Leakage reduziert wird. Weiterhin werden die Bedingungen analysiert, die erfüllt sein müssen, damit Emissionshandelssysteme miteinander verknüpft werden können. Dabei werden die Designmerkmale herausgearbeitet, die angeglichen werden sollten, bevor es zu Linking kommt. Zu diesen Merkmalen gehören sowohl die Höhe und die Art des Reduktionsziels als auch die Nutzung von Zertifikaten aus internationalen Ausgleichsprogrammen. Bezüglich dieser Voraussetzungen wird die Kompatibilität des EU- Systems mit anderen Emissionshandelssystemen untersucht. Aufgrund großer Unterschiede im System-Design sind die derzeitigen Linking-Optionen der EU jedoch stark begrenzt. Da viele Emissionshandelssysteme in anderen Teilen der Welt noch in der Entwicklungsphase sind, sollte die EU dennoch möglichst früh mit diesen kooperieren, um so den Designprozess dieser Systeme zu begleiten und langfristig Linking-Abkommen zu ermöglichen. Des Weiteren wird die Rolle von Linking als Teil der internationalen Klimaschutzbemühungen analysiert. Dabei ist insbesondere das Klimaabkommen, das im Dezember 2015 in Paris abgeschlossen wurde, von Interesse. In der Tat fördert das Abkommen bilaterale und plurilaterale Kooperationen zwischen Staaten, die auf diese Weise ihre Reduktionsverpflichtungen erfüllen können. Dies beinhaltet auch den grenzübergreifenden Handel von Emissionsreduktionseinheiten. Gleichzeitig stellt das Paris-Abkommen Richtlinien bereit, die die Umweltintegrität solcher internationalen Transfers sicherstellen sollen.

Suggested Citation

  • Eva-Maria Mauer, 2016. "Linking von Emissionshandelssystemen: Die EU als Vorreiter für einen globalen CO2-Markt?," Discussion Paper Series RECAP15 25, RECAP15, European University Viadrina, Frankfurt (Oder).
  • Handle: RePEc:euv:dpaper:25
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.europa-uni.de/de/forschung/institut/recap15/downloads/recap15_DP025.pdf
    File Function: First version, 2016
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Matthew Ranson & Robert N. Stavins, 2012. "Post-Durban Climate Policy Architecture Based on Linkage of Cap-and-Trade Systems," NBER Working Papers 18140, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Wolfgang Sterk & Ralf Schüle, 2009. "Advancing the climate regime through linking domestic emission trading systems?," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 14(5), pages 409-431, June.
    3. Koch, Nicolas & Fuss, Sabine & Grosjean, Godefroy & Edenhofer, Ottmar, 2014. "Causes of the EU ETS price drop: Recession, CDM, renewable policies or a bit of everything?—New evidence," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 676-685.
    4. R. H. Coase, 2013. "The Problem of Social Cost," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 56(4), pages 837-877.
    5. Stefan E. Weishaar, 2014. "Emissions Trading Design," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 15091.
    6. Cameron Hepburn & Michael Grubb & Karsten Neuhoff & Felix Matthes & Maximilien Tse, 2006. "Auctioning of EU ETS phase II allowances: how and why?," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 6(1), pages 137-160, January.
    7. Michael Lisowski, 2002. "The emperor's new clothes: redressing the Kyoto Protocol," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2(2-3), pages 161-177, September.
    8. Rehdanz, Katrin & Tol, Richard S.J., 2005. "Unilateral regulation of bilateral trade in greenhouse gas emission permits," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(4), pages 397-416, September.
    9. Jung, Chulho & Krutilla, Kerry & Boyd, Roy, 1996. "Incentives for Advanced Pollution Abatement Technology at the Industry Level: An Evaluation of Policy Alternatives," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 30(1), pages 95-111, January.
    10. Christoph Böhringer & Andreas Lange & Ulf Moslener, 2005. "Der EU‐Emissionshandel im Zielkonflikt zwischen Effizienz, Kompensation und Wettbewerbsneutralität," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 6(3), pages 309-323, August.
    11. Flachsland, Christian & Marschinski, Robert & Edenhofer, Ottmar, 2009. "Global trading versus linking: Architectures for international emissions trading," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 1637-1647, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. repec:zbw:bofrdp:2017_020 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Weber, Thomas A. & Neuhoff, Karsten, 2010. "Carbon markets and technological innovation," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 60(2), pages 115-132, September.
    3. Itkonen, Juha, 2017. "Efficiency and dependency in a network of linked permit markets," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 20/2017, Bank of Finland.
    4. Itkonen, Juha, 2017. "Efficiency and dependency in a network of linked permit markets," Research Discussion Papers 20/2017, Bank of Finland.
    5. Stavins, Robert, 2001. "Lessons From the American Experiment With Market-Based Environmental Policies," RFF Working Paper Series dp-01-53, Resources for the Future.
    6. Liang Liu & Cong Feng & Hongwei Zhang & Xuehua Zhang, 2015. "Game Analysis and Simulation of the River Basin Sustainable Development Strategy Integrating Water Emission Trading," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-21, April.
    7. Huang, Wenyang & Zhao, Jianyu & Wang, Xiaokang, 2024. "Model-driven multimodal LSTM-CNN for unbiased structural forecasting of European Union allowances open-high-low-close price," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    8. Giovanni Marin & Marianna Marino & Claudia Pellegrin, 2018. "The Impact of the European Emission Trading Scheme on Multiple Measures of Economic Performance," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 71(2), pages 551-582, October.
    9. Holtsmark, Katinka & Midttømme, Kristoffer, 2021. "The dynamics of linking permit markets," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    10. Dieter Helm & Cameron Hepburn & Giovanni Ruta, 2012. "Trade, climate change, and the political game theory of border carbon adjustments," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 28(2), pages 368-394, SUMMER.
    11. Martin Larsson, 2017. "EU Emissions Trading: Policy-Induced Innovation, or Business as Usual? Findings from Company Case Studies in the Republic of Croatia," Working Papers 1705, The Institute of Economics, Zagreb.
    12. Karpf, Andreas & Mandel, Antoine & Battiston, Stefano, 2018. "Price and network dynamics in the European carbon market," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 103-122.
    13. Jessika Richter & Luis Mundaca, 2015. "Achieving and maintaining institutional feasibility in emissions trading: the case of New Zealand," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 20(8), pages 1487-1509, December.
    14. Xavier Timbeau & Pawel Wiejski, 2017. "EU ETS- broken beyond repair ? An analysis based on Faster principles," Documents de Travail de l'OFCE 2017-24, Observatoire Francais des Conjonctures Economiques (OFCE).
    15. Kocsis, Tamás, 1998. "Szennyezéselhárítás és technológiai fejlődés a környezetgazdaságtanban - mikroökonómiai elemzés [Prevention of pollution and technical progress in environmental economics a microeconomic analysis]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(10), pages 954-970.
    16. Robert N. Stavins, 2011. "The Problem of the Commons: Still Unsettled after 100 Years," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(1), pages 81-108, February.
    17. Sato, Misato & Rafaty, Ryan & Calel, Raphael & Grubb, Michael, 2022. "Allocation, allocation, allocation! The political economy of the development of the European Union Emissions Trading System," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 115431, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    18. Lambie, Neil Ross, 2009. "The role of real options analysis in the design of a greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme," 2009 Conference (53rd), February 11-13, 2009, Cairns, Australia 47626, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    19. Stavins, Robert N., 2019. "The Future of U.S. Carbon-Pricing Policy: Normative Assessment and Positive Prognosis," Working Paper Series rwp19-017, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
    20. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/3rqefhgkm689ibvcj2hnil8dho is not listed on IDEAS
    21. Huang, Wenyang & Wang, Huiwen & Qin, Haotong & Wei, Yigang & Chevallier, Julien, 2022. "Convolutional neural network forecasting of European Union allowances futures using a novel unconstrained transformation method," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    22. Lambert Schneider & Michael Lazarus & Carrie Lee & Harro van Asselt, 2017. "Restricted linking of emissions trading systems: options, benefits, and challenges," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 17(6), pages 883-898, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    environmental economics; emissions trading; linking; international climate policy; Umweltökonomie; Emissionshandel; Linking; Internationale Klimapolitik;
    All these keywords.

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:euv:dpaper:25. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dekanat (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/fwffode.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.