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Tariffs versus subsidies: protection versus industrial policy

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  • Rickard, Stephanie

Abstract

In 2025, the United States raised tariffs to rates not seen for more than a century. These tariffs were not part of a carefully designed industrial strategy. Instead, the second Trump administration distanced itself from existing industrial policy initiatives and indicated a desire to roll back government-funded subsidies for businesses. This article examines the rationale behind the United States’ pivot from subsidies to tariffs and explores implications for trade partners and multilateral institutions.

Suggested Citation

  • Rickard, Stephanie, 2025. "Tariffs versus subsidies: protection versus industrial policy," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 128326, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
  • Handle: RePEc:ehl:lserod:128326
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    File URL: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/128326/
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    JEL classification:

    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • R14 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Land Use Patterns
    • J01 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics: General

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