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Costos de la violencia urbana y políticas públicas: algunas lecciones de Medellín

Author

Listed:
  • Carlos Medina
  • Christian Posso
  • Jorge Andrés Tamayo

Abstract

Este artículo describe la evolución y los principales determinantes de los homicidios en Medellín en los últimos 30 años, destacando el papel del narcotráfico en la financiación del crimen organizado presente en Medellín y otras ciudades del país y América Latina. Se enumeran y cuantifican varios de los principales costos sociales del crimen, enfatizando los costos sociales asociados a la vida diaria de los jóvenes de los barrios en conflicto, que en Medellín podrían abarcar a más de la mitad de la población, y los costos en dimensiones más amplias como la satisfacción con la vida. Se resaltan los efectos perdurables sobre la tasa de homicidios de la ciudad que tuvo el proceso de desmovilización de paramilitares, a pesar de la rápida capacidad que tiene el crimen organizado de reinventarse y reactivarse. La reevaluación de una intervención militar masiva orientada a erradicar grupos delincuenciales de una zona de la ciudad, denominada Operación Orión, revela que la misma solamente habría disminuido la tasa de homicidios en el corto plazo. No obstante los altos costos que gran parte de la ciudadanía paga por cuenta del conflicto, se describe la falta de sensibilización a la ciudadanía por parte de los hacedores de política, y las consecuencias que esta situación implica en la construcción de consensos en torno al salto en intervenciones que se requiere dar para enfrentar la situación.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Medina & Christian Posso & Jorge Andrés Tamayo, 2011. "Costos de la violencia urbana y políticas públicas: algunas lecciones de Medellín," BORRADORES DE ECONOMIA 009076, BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000094:009076
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Andrea Otero, 2012. "Cali a comienzos del Siglo XXI: ¿Crisis o recuperación?," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 172, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. Sánchez Jabba, Andrés, 2013. "La reinvención de Medellín," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia - CIE, issue 78, pages 185-227, March.
    3. Gregory L. Haugan, 2016. "The effect of urban violence on student achievement in Medellin, Colombia," Documentos CEDE 014326, Universidad de los Andes - CEDE.
    4. Camilo Alberto Cárdenas Hurtado & María Alejandra Hernández Montes & Jhon Edwar Torres Gorron, 2015. "A Statistical Analysis of Heterogeneity on Labour Markets and Unemployment Rates in Colombia," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes - CEDE, August.
    5. Catalina Gómez Toro & Hermilson Velásquez & Joaquín Andrés Urrego & Juan David Valderrama, 2014. "Efecto de los Ingresos Permanentes sobre el Delito: Un Enfoque Espacial y un Caso de Aplicación," Documentos de Trabajo CIEF 010900, Universidad EAFIT.
    6. Aguilera-Díaz, María Modesta & Meisel-Roca, Adolfo (ed.), 2016. "Economía y medio ambiente del archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina," Books, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, number 2016-07.
    7. Arlen Guarín & Carlos Medina & Jorge Andrés Tamayo, 2013. "The Effects of Punishment of Crime in Colombia on Deterrence, Incapacitation, and Human Capital Formation," Borradores de Economia 774, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    8. Carlos Medina & Christian Posso & Jorge Andrés Tamayo, 2011. "Costos de la violencia urbana y políticas públicas: algunas lecciones de Medellín," BORRADORES DE ECONOMIA 009076, BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA.
    9. Carlos Medina & Jorge Andrés Tamayo & Christian Posso, 2013. "The Effect of Adult Criminals´ Spillovers On the Likelihood of Youths Becoming Criminals," BORRADORES DE ECONOMIA 010461, BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA.
    10. Camilo Alberto Cárdenas Hurtado & María Alejandra Hernández Montes & Jhon Edwar Torres Gorron, 2014. "An Exploratory Analysis of Heterogeneity on Regional Labour Markets and Unemployment Rates in Colombia: An MFACT approach," Borradores de Economia 802, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Crimen; seguridad nacional y conflicto; relaciones intergubernamentales.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • K42 - Law and Economics - - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior - - - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
    • H56 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - National Security and War
    • H7 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations

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