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La reinvención de Medellín

Author

Listed:
  • Andres Sanchez Jabba

Abstract

En este trabajo se analiza la evolucion reciente de la economia de Medellin, una de las principales ciudades colombianas. Con la adopci´on del modelo de industrializaci´on por sustitucion de importaciones esta urbe se convirti´o en el centro industrial mas importante del pa´is. Esto se debio al surgimiento de su aglomerado textil, el cual fue la fuente de crecimiento econ´omico urbano durante gran parte del siglo XX. Sin embargo, el excesivo grado de especializacion en la producci´on textil genero una profunda crisis industrial cuando inicio el proceso de liberalizaci´on comercial en la d´ecada de 1990. Adicionalmente, el surgimiento del narcotrafico incremento considerablemente los niveles de violencia. La combinaci´on de estos dos factores dejo a la ciudad sumida en una profunda crisis urbana hacia finales del siglo XX, caracterizada por la inestabilidad institucional. Aunque este desolador panorama parecia dif´icil de revertir, Medellín supo reinventarse: los niveles de violencia disminuyeron, los indicadores sociales y econ´omicos mejoraron y la ciudad busc´o el resurgimiento urbano orientando su econ´om´ia hacia la generacion de conocimiento apalancado en la innovacion y el uso intensivo de la tecnolog´ia. Esta ulima representa una nueva estrategia urbana, consistente con las nuevas condiciones y que puede ayudar a generar una mayor riqueza y desarrollo economico.

Suggested Citation

  • Andres Sanchez Jabba, 2012. "La reinvención de Medellín," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 174, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Handle: RePEc:bdr:region:174
    DOI: 10.32468/dtseru.174
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    JEL classification:

    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)
    • R19 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Other

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