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Policy Interventions to Mitigate the Long-Run Costs of Brexit

Author

Listed:
  • George Economides
  • Jim Malley
  • Apostolis Philippopoulos
  • Anastasios Rizos

Abstract

This paper examines the long-term macroeconomic impacts of Brexit on the UK economy employing a dynamic general equilibrium model that incorporates endogenous firm entry, price markups and market competition. By integrating the trade frictions introduced by Brexit, the model explains how increased trade costs have altered firm behaviour, market structure, and broader economic performance. We assess a range of policy responses, from theoretically optimal but practically difficult tax-subsidy schemes, to more realistic measures aimed at reducing firm entry barriers, encouraging private and public investment, and subsidising labour costs. Our findings underscore the critical role of policies that can most directly influence firm creation, investment, and competition in addressing the structural challenges Brexit has introduced.

Suggested Citation

  • George Economides & Jim Malley & Apostolis Philippopoulos & Anastasios Rizos, 2025. "Policy Interventions to Mitigate the Long-Run Costs of Brexit," CESifo Working Paper Series 12076, CESifo.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12076
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    File URL: https://www.ifo.de/DocDL/cesifo1_wp12076.pdf
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E65 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Studies of Particular Policy Episodes
    • E22 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity
    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination

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