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Can central banks do the unpleasant job that governments should do?

Author

Listed:
  • Vasiliki Dimakopoulou

    (Foundation for Economic and Industrial Research (IOBE), and Athens University of Economics and Business)

  • George Economides

    (Athens University of Economics and Business, CESifo, and Hellenic Open University)

  • Apostolis Philippopoulos

    (Athens University of Economics and Business, CESifo, Hellenic Observatory at the LSE, and Hellenic Fiscal Council)

  • Vanghelis Vassilatos

    (Athens University of Economics and Business)

Abstract

We investigate what happens when the fiscal authorities do not react to rising public debt so that the unpleasant task of fiscal sustainability falls upon the Central Bank (CB). In particular, we explore whether the CB's bond purchases in the secondary market can restore stability and determinacy in an otherwise unstable economy. This is investigated in a dynamic general equilibrium model calibrated to the Euro Area (EA) and where monetary policy is conducted subject to the numerical rules of the Eurosystem (ES). We show that given the recent situation in the ES, and to the extent that a relatively big shock hits the economy, there is no room left for further quasi-fiscal actions by the ECB; there will be room only if the ES' rules are violated. We then search for policy mixes that can respect the ES's rules and show that debt-contingent fiscal and quantitative monetary policies can reinforce each other; this confirms the importance of policy complementarities.

Suggested Citation

  • Vasiliki Dimakopoulou & George Economides & Apostolis Philippopoulos & Vanghelis Vassilatos, 2023. "Can central banks do the unpleasant job that governments should do?," Working Papers 324, Bank of Greece.
    • Handle: RePEc:bog:wpaper:324
    DOI: 10.52903/wp2023324
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    Cited by:

    1. Economides, George & Koliousi, Giota & Miaouli, Natasha & Philippopoulos, Apostolis, 2025. "From debt arithmetic to fiscal sustainability and fiscal rules: Taking stock and policy lessons," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 31(C).
    2. George Economides & Anastasios Xepapadeas, 2025. "Monetary policy stabilization in a new Keynesian model under climate change," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 56, April.
    3. Vasiliki Dimakopoulou & George Economides & Apostolis Philippopoulos, 2024. "Repayment of EU Bailout Loans in a Member-Country of the ES: The Case of Greece," CESifo Working Paper Series 11519, CESifo.
    4. George Economides & Giota Koliousi & Natasha Miaouli & Apostolis Philippopoulos, 2024. "From debt arithmetic to fiscal sustainability and fiscal rules: taking stock and policy lessons," GreeSE – Hellenic Observatory Papers on Greece and Southeast Europe 194, Hellenic Observatory, LSE.
    5. Vasilki Dimakopoulou & George Economides & Apostolis Philippopoulos, 2025. "The EU’s New Expenditure Rule and Its Implications for Monetary Policy," CESifo Working Paper Series 12139, CESifo.
    6. George Economides & James Malley & Apostolis Philippopoulos & Anastasios Rizos, 2025. "Policy interventions to mitigate the long-run costs of Brexit," Working Papers 2025_11, Business School - Economics, University of Glasgow.
    7. Gomes, Pedro & Seoane, Hernán D., 2024. "Made in Europe: Monetary–Fiscal policy mix with financial frictions," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General
    • E60 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - General
    • O50 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - General

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