IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/cbi/ecolet/1-el-25.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Monetary Policy Pass-Through to Lending Rates: Evidence from the Irish Central Credit Register

Author

Listed:
  • Goncharenko, Roman

    (Central Bank of Ireland)

  • Lukamanova, Elizaveta

    (Central Bank of Ireland)

Abstract

This letter investigates the pass-through of monetary policy to interest rates on new loans, using granular loan-level data from Ireland’s Central Credit Register during the period of sharp monetary tightening in 2022–2023. Pass-through varied significantly across lenders and loan types. Non-bank lenders (NBLs) exhibited the strongest pass-through, while banks and credit unions showed weaker effects. Overall, business and asset financing experienced higher pass-through than personal loans and home mortgages. Despite sharp rate hikes in 2022–2023, overall pass-through remained modest due to banks’ and credit unions’ dominance. These results highlight lender composition’s role in monetary transmission and NBLs’ growing influence in specific loan segments.

Suggested Citation

  • Goncharenko, Roman & Lukamanova, Elizaveta, 2025. "Monetary Policy Pass-Through to Lending Rates: Evidence from the Irish Central Credit Register," Economic Letters 1/EL/25, Central Bank of Ireland.
  • Handle: RePEc:cbi:ecolet:1/el/25
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.centralbank.ie/docs/default-source/publications/economic-letters/monetary-policy-pass-through-to-lending-rates.pdf?sfvrsn=279b6a1a_6
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ben S. Bernanke & Kenneth N. Kuttner, 2005. "What Explains the Stock Market's Reaction to Federal Reserve Policy?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(3), pages 1221-1257, June.
    2. Irani, Rustom & Iyer, Rajkamal & Meisenzahl, Ralf & Peydró, José-Luis, 2021. "The rise of shadow banking: Evidence from capital regulation," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 34(5), pages 2181-2235.
    3. Altavilla, Carlo & Brugnolini, Luca & Gürkaynak, Refet S. & Motto, Roberto & Ragusa, Giuseppe, 2019. "Measuring euro area monetary policy," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 162-179.
    4. Scott, David & Pratap Singh, Anuj, 2024. "Mortgage switching through the turning of the interest rate cycle," Financial Stability Notes 2/FS/24, Central Bank of Ireland.
    5. Gaffney, Edward & Hennessy, Christina & McCann, Feargal, 2022. "Non-bank mortgage lending in Ireland: recent developments and macroprudential considerations," Financial Stability Notes 3/FS/22, Central Bank of Ireland.
    6. Moloney, Kitty & O'Gorman, Paraic & O’Sullivan, Max & Reddan, Paul, 2023. "Non-bank lenders to SMEs as a source of financial stability risk – a balance sheet assessment," Financial Stability Notes 11/FS/23, Central Bank of Ireland.
    7. Bednarek, Peter & Briukhova, Olga & Ongena, Steven & von Westernhagen, Natalja, 2023. "Effects of bank capital requirements on lending by banks and non-bank financial institutions," Discussion Papers 26/2023, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    8. Manasa Gopal & Philipp Schnabl, 2022. "The Rise of Finance Companies and FinTech Lenders in Small Business Lending," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 35(11), pages 4859-4901.
    9. Jiménez, Gabriel & Ongena, Steven & Peydró, José-Luis & Saurina, Jesús, 2012. "Credit Supply and Monetary Policy: Identifying the Bank Balance-Sheet Channel with Loan Applications," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 102(5), pages 2301-2326.
    10. Jeremy C. Stein & Anil K. Kashyap, 2000. "What Do a Million Observations on Banks Say about the Transmission of Monetary Policy?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 90(3), pages 407-428, June.
    11. Dominic Cucic & Denis Gorea, 2024. "Non-bank lending and the transmission of monetary policy," BIS Working Papers 1211, Bank for International Settlements.
    12. Gambacorta, Leonardo, 2008. "How do banks set interest rates?," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 52(5), pages 792-819, July.
    13. Byrne, David & Foster, Sorcha, 2023. "Transmission of monetary policy: Bank interest rate pass-through in Ireland and the euro area," Economic Letters 3/EL/23, Central Bank of Ireland.
    14. Sergey Chernenko & Isil Erel & Robert Prilmeier, 2022. "Why Do Firms Borrow Directly from Nonbanks?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 35(11), pages 4902-4947.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Darmouni, Olivier & Geisecke, Oliver & Rodnyanky, Alexander, 2019. "The Bond Lending Channel of Monetary Policy," MPRA Paper 95141, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Davydiuk, Tetiana & Marchuk, Tatyana & Rosen, Samuel, 2024. "Direct lenders in the U.S. middle market," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    3. Jung, Alexander & Uhlig, Harald, 2019. "Monetary policy shocks and the health of banks," Working Paper Series 2303, European Central Bank.
    4. Peydró, José-Luis & Jasova, Martina & Mendicino, Caterina & Panetti, Ettore & Supera, Dominik, 2021. "Monetary Policy, Labor Income Redistribution and the Credit Channel: Evidence from Matched Employer-Employee and Credit Registe," CEPR Discussion Papers 16549, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    5. Greg Buchak & Gregor Matvos & Tomasz Piskorski & Amit Seru, 2024. "Aggregate Lending and Modern Financial Intermediation: Why Bank Balance Sheet Models Are Miscalibrated," NBER Macroeconomics Annual, University of Chicago Press, vol. 38(1), pages 239-287.
    6. Ugo Albertazzi & Andrea Nobili & Federico M. Signoretti, 2021. "The Bank Lending Channel of Conventional and Unconventional Monetary Policy," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 53(2-3), pages 261-299, March.
    7. Miguel Boucinha & Carlo Altavilla & Frank Smets & José-Luis Peydró, 2019. "Banking Supervision, Monetary Policy and Risk-Taking: Big Data Evidence from 15 Credit Registers," Working Papers 1137, Barcelona School of Economics.
    8. Gabriel Jiménez & Steven Ongena & José‐Luis Peydró & Jesús Saurina, 2014. "Hazardous Times for Monetary Policy: What Do Twenty‐Three Million Bank Loans Say About the Effects of Monetary Policy on Credit Risk‐Taking?," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 82(2), pages 463-505, March.
    9. Altavilla, Carlo & Laeven, Luc & Peydró, José-Luis, 2020. "Monetary and Macroprudential Policy Complementarities: evidence from European credit registers," CEPR Discussion Papers 15539, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    10. Vasso Ioannidou & Steven Ongena & José-Luis Peydró, 2015. "Monetary Policy, Risk-Taking, and Pricing: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 19(1), pages 95-144.
    11. Altavilla, Carlo & Boucinha, Miguel & Peydró, José-Luis, 2018. "Monetary policy and bank profitability in a low interest rate environment," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 33(96), pages 531-586.
    12. Ricci, Lorenzo & Soggia, Giovanni & Trimarchi, Lorenzo, 2023. "The impact of bank lending standards on credit to firms," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    13. Albertazzi, Ugo & Barbiero, Francesca & Marqués-Ibáñez, David & Popov, Alexander & Rodriguez d’Acri, Costanza & Vlassopoulos, Thomas, 2020. "Monetary policy and bank stability: the analytical toolbox reviewed," Working Paper Series 2377, European Central Bank.
    14. Gabriel Jiménez & Steven Ongena & José-Luis Peydró & Jesús Saurina, 2017. "“In the Short Run Blasé, In the Long Run Risqué”," Schmalenbach Business Review, Springer;Schmalenbach-Gesellschaft, vol. 18(3), pages 181-226, August.
    15. Ruby P. Kishan & Timothy P. Opiela, 2012. "Monetary Policy, Bank Lending, and the Risk‐Pricing Channel," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 44(4), pages 573-602, June.
    16. Christoph Bertsch & Isaiah Hull & Xin Zhang, 2021. "Monetary Normalizations and Consumer Credit: Evidence from Fed Liftoff and Online Lending," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 17(71), pages 1-47, December.
    17. Hu, Yunzhi & Varas, Felipe, 2025. "Intermediary financing without commitment," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    18. Jiménez, Gabriel & Ongena, Steven & Peydró, José-Luis & Saurina, Jesús, 2017. "‘In the Short Run Blasé, in the Long Run Risqué’. On the Effects of Monetary Policy on Bank Credit Risk-Taking in the Short versus Long Run," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, pages 181-226.
    19. Sepp, Tim Florian & Israel, Karl-Friedrich & Treitz, Benjamin & Hartl, Tom, 2024. "Monetary policy and bank-type resilience in Germany from 1999 to 2022," Working Papers 181, University of Leipzig, Faculty of Economics and Management Science.
    20. Altavilla, Carlo & Burlon, Lorenzo & Giannetti, Mariassunta & Holton, Sarah, 2022. "Is there a zero lower bound? The effects of negative policy rates on banks and firms," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(3), pages 885-907.

    More about this item

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cbi:ecolet:1/el/25. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Fiona Farrelly (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cbigvie.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.