IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/arx/papers/2112.04824.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Cross-ownership as a structural explanation for rising correlations in crisis times

Author

Listed:
  • Nils Bertschinger
  • Axel A. Araneda

Abstract

In this paper, we examine the interlinkages among firms through a financial network where cross-holdings on both equity and debt are allowed. We relate mathematically the correlation among equities with the unconditional correlation of the assets, the values of their business assets and the sensitivity of the network, particularly the $\Delta$-Greek. We noticed also this relation is independent of the Equities level. Besides, for the two-firms case, we analytically demonstrate that the equities correlation is always higher than the correlation of the assets; showing this issue by numerical illustrations. Finally, we study the relation between equity correlations and asset prices, where the model arrives to an increase in the former due to a fall in the assets.

Suggested Citation

  • Nils Bertschinger & Axel A. Araneda, 2021. "Cross-ownership as a structural explanation for rising correlations in crisis times," Papers 2112.04824, arXiv.org.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2112.04824
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.04824
    File Function: Latest version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Taimur Baig & Ilan Goldfajn, 1999. "Financial Market Contagion in the Asian Crisis," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 46(2), pages 1-3.
    2. Fabio Caccioli & Paolo Barucca & Teruyoshi Kobayashi, 2018. "Network models of financial systemic risk: a review," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 1(1), pages 81-114, January.
    3. Gai, Prasanna & Kapadia, Sujit, 2010. "Contagion in financial networks," Bank of England working papers 383, Bank of England.
    4. François Longin & Bruno Solnik, 2001. "Extreme Correlation of International Equity Markets," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 56(2), pages 649-676, April.
    5. Merton, Robert C, 1974. "On the Pricing of Corporate Debt: The Risk Structure of Interest Rates," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 29(2), pages 449-470, May.
    6. Fabrizio Lillo & Rosario N. Mantegna, 2000. "Symmetry alteration of ensemble return distribution in crash and rally days of financial markets," Papers cond-mat/0002438, arXiv.org.
    7. Helmut Elsinger, 2009. "Financial Networks, Cross Holdings, and Limited Liability," Working Papers 156, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank).
    8. Adams, Zeno & Füss, Roland & Glück, Thorsten, 2017. "Are correlations constant? Empirical and theoretical results on popular correlation models in finance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 9-24.
    9. Mark Broadie & Paul Glasserman, 1996. "Estimating Security Price Derivatives Using Simulation," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 42(2), pages 269-285, February.
    10. De Bandt, Olivier & Hartmann, Philipp, 2000. "Systemic risk: A survey," Working Paper Series 35, European Central Bank.
    11. Anindya S. Chakrabarti & Lukáš Pichl & Taisei Kaizoji (ed.), 2019. "Network Theory and Agent-Based Modeling in Economics and Finance," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-981-13-8319-9, December.
    12. Michael Kalkbrener & Natalie Packham, 2015. "Correlation Under Stress In Normal Variance Mixture Models," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(2), pages 426-456, April.
    13. HALKIN, Hubert, 1974. "Implicit functions and optimization problems without continuous differentiability of the data," LIDAM Reprints CORE 184, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    14. repec:onb:oenbwp:y::i:156:b:1 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Ang, Andrew & Chen, Joseph, 2002. "Asymmetric correlations of equity portfolios," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(3), pages 443-494, March.
    16. Matthew Elliott & Benjamin Golub & Matthew O. Jackson, 2014. "Financial Networks and Contagion," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 104(10), pages 3115-3153, October.
    17. Pierre Cizeau & Marc Potters & Jean-Philippe Bouchaud, 2000. "Correlation structure of extreme stock returns," Science & Finance (CFM) working paper archive 0006034, Science & Finance, Capital Fund Management.
    18. V. Sasidevan & Nils Bertschinger, 2019. "Systemic Risk: Fire-Walling Financial Systems Using Network-Based Approaches," Papers 1912.05273, arXiv.org.
    19. Sabine Karl & Tom Fischer, 2014. "Cross-ownership as a structural explanation for over- and underestimation of default probability," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(6), pages 1031-1046, June.
    20. Tom Fischer, 2014. "No-Arbitrage Pricing Under Systemic Risk: Accounting For Cross-Ownership," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(1), pages 97-124, January.
    21. Rodrigo Cifuentes & Hyun Song Shin & Gianluigi Ferrucci, 2005. "Liquidity Risk and Contagion," Journal of the European Economic Association, MIT Press, vol. 3(2-3), pages 556-566, 04/05.
    22. Johannes Hain & Tom Fischer, 2015. "Valuation Algorithms for Structural Models of Financial Interconnectedness," Papers 1501.07402, arXiv.org.
    23. Larry Eisenberg & Thomas H. Noe, 2001. "Systemic Risk in Financial Systems," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 47(2), pages 236-249, February.
    24. Matei Demetrescu & Dominik Wied, 2019. "Testing for constant correlation of filtered series under structural change," The Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 22(1), pages 10-33.
    25. Albert S. Kyle & Wei Xiong, 2001. "Contagion as a Wealth Effect," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 56(4), pages 1401-1440, August.
    26. P. Cizeau & M. Potters & J-P. Bouchaud, 2001. "Correlation structure of extreme stock returns," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 1(2), pages 217-222.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Christoph Siebenbrunner, 2021. "Quantifying the importance of different contagion channels as sources of systemic risk," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 16(1), pages 103-131, January.
    2. Nils Bertschinger & Julian Stobbe, 2018. "Systemic Greeks: Measuring risk in financial networks," Papers 1810.11849, arXiv.org.
    3. Bardoscia, Marco & Barucca, Paolo & Codd, Adam Brinley & Hill, John, 2019. "Forward-looking solvency contagion," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    4. Paolo Barucca & Marco Bardoscia & Fabio Caccioli & Marco D'Errico & Gabriele Visentin & Guido Caldarelli & Stefano Battiston, 2020. "Network valuation in financial systems," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(4), pages 1181-1204, October.
    5. Bampinas, Georgios & Panagiotidis, Theodore & Politsidis, Panagiotis N., 2023. "Sovereign bond and CDS market contagion: A story from the Eurozone crisis," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    6. Feinstein Zachary & El-Masri Fatena, 2017. "The effects of leverage requirements and fire sales on financial contagion via asset liquidation strategies in financial networks," Statistics & Risk Modeling, De Gruyter, vol. 34(3-4), pages 113-139, September.
    7. Tathagata Banerjee & Zachary Feinstein, 2018. "Impact of Contingent Payments on Systemic Risk in Financial Networks," Papers 1805.08544, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2018.
    8. Bardoscia, Marco & Ka-Kay Pang, Raymond, 2023. "Ring-fencing in financial networks," Bank of England working papers 1046, Bank of England.
    9. Giuseppe Calafiore & Giulia Fracastoro & Anton V. Proskurnikov, 2021. "Optimal Clearing Payments in a Financial Contagion Model," Papers 2103.10872, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2024.
    10. Marco Bardoscia & Paolo Barucca & Stefano Battiston & Fabio Caccioli & Giulio Cimini & Diego Garlaschelli & Fabio Saracco & Tiziano Squartini & Guido Caldarelli, 2021. "The Physics of Financial Networks," Papers 2103.05623, arXiv.org.
    11. Bardoscia, Marco & Barucca, Paolo & Brinley Codd, Adam & Hill, John, 2017. "The decline of solvency contagion risk," Bank of England working papers 662, Bank of England.
    12. Peter Grundke, 2019. "Ranking consistency of systemic risk measures: a simulation-based analysis in a banking network model," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 52(4), pages 953-990, May.
    13. Aikman, David & Beale, Daniel & Brinley-Codd, Adam & Covi, Giovanni & Hüser, Anne‑Caroline & Lepore, Caterina, 2023. "Macroprudential stress‑test models: a survey," Bank of England working papers 1037, Bank of England.
    14. Amini, Hamed & Bichuch, Maxim & Feinstein, Zachary, 2023. "Decentralized payment clearing using blockchain and optimal bidding," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 309(1), pages 409-420.
    15. Zachary Feinstein & Weijie Pang & Birgit Rudloff & Eric Schaanning & Stephan Sturm & Mackenzie Wildman, 2017. "Sensitivity of the Eisenberg-Noe clearing vector to individual interbank liabilities," Papers 1708.01561, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2018.
    16. Leonidas Sandoval Junior & Italo De Paula Franca, 2011. "Correlation of financial markets in times of crisis," Papers 1102.1339, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2011.
    17. Maxim Bichuch & Nils Detering, 2022. "Optimal Support for Distressed Subsidiaries -- a Systemic Risk Perspective," Papers 2201.12731, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2024.
    18. Sandoval, Leonidas & Franca, Italo De Paula, 2012. "Correlation of financial markets in times of crisis," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(1), pages 187-208.
    19. Maxim Bichuch & Zachary Feinstein, 2020. "A Repo Model of Fire Sales with VWAP and LOB Pricing Mechanisms," Papers 2005.05364, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2021.
    20. Miao He & Yanhong Guo, 2022. "Systemic Risk Contributions of Financial Institutions during the Stock Market Crash in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-14, April.

    More about this item

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2112.04824. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: arXiv administrators (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://arxiv.org/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.