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Evaluation des impacts de restrictions d’eau pour l’usage agricole Une démarche à l’échelle des filières de production

Author

Listed:
  • Lejars, C.
  • Fusillier, JL
  • Bouarfa, S.
  • Brunel, L.
  • Rucheton, G.

Abstract

Beaucoup d’agriculteurs, comme les opérateurs des filières aval qui transforment leur production, dépendent aujourd’hui des ressources en eau souterraine. Or, dans de nombreuses régions du monde, en climat aride comme tempéré, les nappes souterraines sont surexploitées et les ressources disponibles déclinent. Les agriculteurs sont alors confrontés à une pression croissante pour préserver cette ressource. Cette situation les amène d’une part, à économiser l’eau en mettant l’accent sur des productions moins consommatrices, d’autre part, à mieux valoriser les quantités utilisées. Plusieurs stratégies sont envisageables comme modifier les choix d’assolement ou adapter les modes de conduite des cultures. Ces stratégies peuvent avoir des conséquences importantes sur l’organisation des filières aval. Cette communication propose les bases d’une démarche visant à analyser les conséquences de fortes restrictions d’eau sur l’organisation de filières locales. Elle a été mise en oeuvre en France, sur le cas de la nappe de Beauce, en partenariat avec la profession agricole, les opérateurs des unités de transformation et les représentants de l’Etat. Elle permet d’analyser les adaptations et les stratégies de chacun face à des baisses de volumes d’eau disponibles. Elle met en évidence les interactions entre les opérateurs d’une même filière et les interactions entre différentes filières. Many farmers, and the large set of downstream operators who depend on their farm products, have become dependent on groundwater resources. Although overexploitation of groundwater resources is far from being a universal phenomenon, it can be observed not only in arid areas but also in the areas with a temperate climate. In regions where groundwater resources are declining, farmers have to reduce water consumption by growing crops with lower water requirement, or apply optimal irrigation strategies. The strategies they choose can have major consequences for downstream operators and local agro- industries. This paper presents an approach to analyze the impacts on and consequences of high water restrictions for the subsectors. This approach was implemented in the region of Beauce, in France, in collaboration with farmers, downstream operators and state representatives. Adaptations and strategies to face reduced water availability were analyzed in economic and technical terms for both farmers and downstream operators. Participatory workshops brought together different downstream operators who could become competitors for the same resource and highlighted interactions between operators in the same subsector as well as interactions between different sectors.

Suggested Citation

  • Lejars, C. & Fusillier, JL & Bouarfa, S. & Brunel, L. & Rucheton, G., 2011. "Evaluation des impacts de restrictions d’eau pour l’usage agricole Une démarche à l’échelle des filières de production," 2011 Conference: Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture, December 6-7, 2011, Rabat, Morocco 188551, Moroccan Association of Agricultural Economics (AMAEco).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:morc11:188551
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.188551
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kijne, Jacob W. & Barker, Randolph & Molden, David J. (ed.), 2003. "Water productivity in agriculture: limits and opportunities for improvement," IWMI Books, International Water Management Institute, number 138054.
    2. Kijne, J. W. & Barker, R. & Molden. D., 2003. "Water productivity in agriculture: limits and opportunities for improvement," IWMI Books, Reports H032631, International Water Management Institute.
    3. Molden, D. & Murray-Rust, H. & Sakthivadivel, R. & Makin, I., 2003. "A water-productivity framework for understanding and action," IWMI Books, Reports H032632, International Water Management Institute.
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