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Comparative advantage and factors affecting maize production in Northern Ghana: A Policy Analysis Matrix Study

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  • Scheiterle, Lilli
  • Birner, Regina

Abstract

Maize is one of the most important crops produced and consumed in Ghana, accounting for 58% of local cereal production. Increasing food prices worldwide and the gap between production and consumption of maize in recent years in Ghana present the country with growing import bills and higher prices for consumers. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether farmers in the northern sector of Ghana have a comparative advantage in the production of maize as import substitution. The effect impact of the fertilizer subsidy program on the yield itself and consequently on the private and social profitability has been tested. Fertilizer subsidy programs are one of the most popular policy programs in Africa. In the mid-90s many countries introduced them to increase crops yield. Household survey data of the cropping season 2010 were collected and complemented with data from different institutions. We applied the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM), to assess policy effects on production systems, and the Cobb-Douglas production function to identify factors affecting the output of each system. The results suggest that production systems with yields above the national average of 1.5 Mt/ha are profitable at private level and contribute to growth of the national economy. Farming systems producing below this threshold report negative social profits, implying that they do not use scarce resources efficiently in the production of maize and depend on government intervention. Policy implications are drown and, in conclusion, we consider essential to combine single policy tools and used in synergy to realize the full efficiency of each.

Suggested Citation

  • Scheiterle, Lilli & Birner, Regina, 2016. "Comparative advantage and factors affecting maize production in Northern Ghana: A Policy Analysis Matrix Study," 2016 Fifth International Conference, September 23-26, 2016, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 249277, African Association of Agricultural Economists (AAAE).
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:aaae16:249277
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.249277
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Kumwenda, Ian & Chikafa, Scora & Kumwenda, Nemon, 2024. "Analysis of Relationship between Maize Production and Fertilizer Imports in Malawi: Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model Approach to Cointegration," Land, Farm & Agribusiness Management Department 373443, Harper Adams University, Land, Farm & Agribusiness Management Department.
    2. Elzaki, Raga M. & Elrasheed, Mutasim.M.M. & Elmulthum, Nagat A., 2022. "Optimal crop combination under soaring oil and energy prices in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    3. Kumwenda, Ian & Chikafa, Scora & Kumwenda, Nemon, 2024. "Analysis of Relationship between Maize Production and Fertilizer Imports in Malawi: Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model Approach to Cointegration," Agri-Tech Economics Papers 373443, Harper Adams University, Land, Farm & Agribusiness Management Department.
    4. Asante, Bright O. & Temoso, Omphile & Addai, Kwabena N. & Villano, Renato A., 2019. "Evaluating productivity gaps in maize production across different agroecological zones in Ghana," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    5. Chebil, A. & Frija, A. & Bennouna, B., 2018. "Impact of water shortage on the competitiveness of agricultural commodities in Tunisia," 2018 Conference, July 28-August 2, 2018, Vancouver, British Columbia 275874, International Association of Agricultural Economists.

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