Human Resource Development Employment, and International Migration of Nurse and Caregivers in Asia and the Pacific Region

The population in Asia is ageing, resulting in an increased demand for nurses and care workers. Consequently, the capacity of healthcare and long-term care needs to be expanded for treating this population in Asia. As some countries cannot meet this increasing demand domestically, they seek to recruit nurses and care workers from overseas. Against this backdrop, this study explores how both 'exporting' and 'importing' countries of migrant workers in the health and long-term care sectors can achieve a mutually beneficial situation in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Accordingly, it is important to understand the dynamically changing situations and challenges in terms of training and employment of nurses and care workers in exporting and importing countries. This study focuses on Asia as a major exporting region for nurses and care workers, with Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Viet Nam representing the 'exporting' countries, while Australia, New Zealand, and Japan represent the 'importing' countries.