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A New Analytical Approximation Formula For The Optimal Exercise Boundary Of American Put Options

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  • SONG-PING ZHU

    (School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia)

Abstract

In this paper, a new analytical formula as an approximation to the value of American put options and their optimal exercise boundary is presented. A transform is first introduced to better deal with the terminal condition and, most importantly, the optimal exercise price which is an unknown moving boundary and the key reason that valuing American options is much harder than valuing its European counterparts. The pseudo-steady-state approximation is then used in the performance of the Laplace transform, to convert the systems of partial differential equations to systems of ordinary differential equations in the Laplace space. A simple and elegant formula is found for the optimal exercise boundary as well as the option price of the American put with constant interest rate and volatility. Other hedge parameters as the derivatives of this solution are also presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Song-Ping Zhu, 2006. "A New Analytical Approximation Formula For The Optimal Exercise Boundary Of American Put Options," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 9(07), pages 1141-1177.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:ijtafx:v:09:y:2006:i:07:n:s0219024906003962
    DOI: 10.1142/S0219024906003962
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wilmott,Paul & Howison,Sam & Dewynne,Jeff, 1995. "The Mathematics of Financial Derivatives," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521497893, Enero.
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    Cited by:

    1. Maria do Rosário Grossinho & Yaser Faghan Kord & Daniel Sevcovic, 2017. "Pricing American Call Option by the Black-Scholes Equation with a Nonlinear Volatility Function," Working Papers REM 2017/18, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, REM, Universidade de Lisboa.
    2. Lu, Xiaoping & Putri, Endah R.M., 2020. "A semi-analytic valuation of American options under a two-state regime-switching economy," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 538(C).
    3. Jose Cruz & Daniel Sevcovic, 2020. "On solutions of a partial integro-differential equation in Bessel potential spaces with applications in option pricing models," Papers 2003.03851, arXiv.org.
    4. Maria do Rosario Grossinho & Yaser Kord Faghan & Daniel Sevcovic, 2016. "Pricing Perpetual Put Options by the Black-Scholes Equation with a Nonlinear Volatility Function," Papers 1611.00885, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2017.
    5. Jean-Philippe Aguilar & Cyril Coste & Hagen Kleinert & Jan Korbel, 2016. "Distributional Mellin calculus in $\mathbb{C}^n$, with applications to option pricing," Papers 1611.03239, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2016.
    6. Tomas Bokes, 2010. "A unified approach to determining the early exercise boundary position at expiry for American style of general class of derivatives," Papers 1012.0348, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2011.
    7. Anna Clevenhaus & Matthias Ehrhardt & Michael Günther & Daniel Ševčovič, 2020. "Pricing American Options with a Non-Constant Penalty Parameter," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-7, June.
    8. Song-Ping Zhu & Xin-Jiang He & XiaoPing Lu, 2018. "A new integral equation formulation for American put options," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(3), pages 483-490, March.
    9. Zafar Ahmad & Reilly Browne & Rezaul Chowdhury & Rathish Das & Yushen Huang & Yimin Zhu, 2023. "Fast American Option Pricing using Nonlinear Stencils," Papers 2303.02317, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2023.
    10. Minqiang Li, 2010. "Analytical approximations for the critical stock prices of American options: a performance comparison," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 13(1), pages 75-99, April.
    11. Lu, Xiaoping & Yan, Dong & Zhu, Song-Ping, 2022. "Optimal exercise of American puts with transaction costs under utility maximization," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 415(C).
    12. Denis Veliu & Roberto De Marchis & Mario Marino & Antonio Luciano Martire, 2022. "An Alternative Numerical Scheme to Approximate the Early Exercise Boundary of American Options," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.
    13. Song-Ping Zhu & Nhat-Tan Le & Wen-Ting Chen & Xiaoping Lu, 2015. "Pricing Parisian down-and-in options," Papers 1511.01564, arXiv.org.
    14. Maria do Rosário Grossinho & Yaser Faghan Kord & Daniel Sevcovic, 2017. "Pricing Perpetual Put Options by the Black-Scholes Equation with a Nonlinear Volatility Function," Working Papers REM 2017/19, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, REM, Universidade de Lisboa.
    15. Zhiqiang Zhou & Hongying Wu, 2018. "Laplace Transform Method for Pricing American CEV Strangles Option with Two Free Boundaries," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2018, pages 1-12, September.
    16. Zhu, Song-Ping & Chen, Wen-Ting, 2013. "An inverse finite element method for pricing American options," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 231-250.
    17. Maria do Rosario Grossinho & Yaser Faghan Kord & Daniel Sevcovic, 2017. "Pricing American Call Options by the Black-Scholes Equation with a Nonlinear Volatility Function," Papers 1707.00358, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2018.
    18. Maria do Rosário Grossinho & Yaser Kord Faghan & Daniel Ševčovič, 2017. "Pricing Perpetual Put Options by the Black–Scholes Equation with a Nonlinear Volatility Function," Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, Springer;Japanese Association of Financial Economics and Engineering, vol. 24(4), pages 291-308, December.

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