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Skating on thin ice: rule changes and team strategies in the NHL

Author

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  • Anurag N. Banerjee
  • Johan F. M. Swinnen
  • Alfons Weersink

Abstract

. In an effort to stimulate a more exciting and entertaining style of play, the National Hockey Association (NHL) changed the rewards associated with the results of overtime games. Under the new rules, teams tied at the end of regulation both receive a single point, regardless of the outcome in overtime. A team scoring in the sudden‐death 5‐minute overtime period would earn an additional point. Prior to the rule change in the 1999–2000 season, the team losing in overtime would receive no points while the winning team earned 2 points. This paper presents a theoretical model to explain the effect of the rule change on the strategy of play during both the overtime period and the regulation time game. The results suggest that under the new overtime, format equally powerful teams will play more offensively in overtime resulting in more games decided by a sudden‐death goal. The results also suggest that while increasing the likelihood of attacking in overtime, the rule change would have a perverse effect on the style of play during regulation by causing them to play conservatively for the tie. Empirical data confirm the theoretical results. The paper also shows that increasing the rewards to a win in regulation time would prevent teams from playing defensively during regular time. Dans un effort pour rendre le spectacle plus excitant, la Ligue Nationale de Hockey (LNH) a changé les récompenses attachées aux résultats des joutes en surtemps. Les nouvelles règles accordent un point à chaque équipe si le score est àégalité après la période réglementaire, quel que soit le résultat du jeu en surtemps. Une équipe qui compte dans la période supplémentaire de 5 minutes gagne un point additionnel. Avant les changements de règlements en 1999‐2000, l'équipe qui perdait en surtemps ne recevait aucun point et l'équipe gagnante en surtemps en recevait deux. Ce mémoire présente un modèle théorique qui explique l'effet du changement de règlements sur la stratégie des équipes tant en temps réglementaire qu'en surtemps. On suggère que des équipes également puissantes vont jouer plus offensivement en surtemps ce qui devrait entraîner plus de buts en surtemps. On suggère aussi que le changement de règlements va avoir un effet pervers sur le style de jeu en temps réglementaire en incitant à travailler plus défensivement pour au moins sauver l'égalité. Les données empiriques confirment ces conjectures théoriques. Le texte montre aussi que si on augmentait les récompenses attachées à une victoire en temps réglementaire, cela empêcherait que le jeu défensif se développe en temps réglementaire.

Suggested Citation

  • Anurag N. Banerjee & Johan F. M. Swinnen & Alfons Weersink, 2007. "Skating on thin ice: rule changes and team strategies in the NHL," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(2), pages 493-514, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:40:y:2007:i:2:p:493-514
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5982.2007.00418.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Egon Franck & Philipp Theiler, 2008. "One for sure or three maybe - Empirical evidence for overtime play from Swiss ice hockey," Working Papers 0024, University of Zurich, Center for Research in Sports Administration (CRSA), revised 2010.
    2. Alexander Dilger & Hannah Geyer, 2009. "Are Three Points for a Win Really Better Than Two?," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 10(3), pages 305-318, June.
    3. Liam J.A. Lenten & Jan Libich & Petr Stehlík, 2013. "Policy Timing and Footballers' Incentives," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 14(6), pages 629-655, December.
    4. Franck Egon & Theiler Philipp, 2012. "One for Sure or Maybe Three: Empirical Evidence for Overtime Play from a Comparison of Swiss Ice Hockey and the NHL," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 232(3), pages 210-223, June.
    5. Stephen Dobson & John Goddard, 2008. "Strategic Behaviour and Risk Taking in Football," Working Papers 0805, University of Crete, Department of Economics.
    6. Stephen Dobson & John Goddard, 2018. "Games of Two Halves: Non-Experimental Evidence on Cooperation, Defection and the Prisoner’s Dilemma," Review of Economic Analysis, Digital Initiatives at the University of Waterloo Library, vol. 10(3), pages 285-312, May.
    7. Niven Winchester & Raymond T. Stefani, 2009. "An innovative approach to National Football League standings using optimal bonus points," Working Papers 0905, University of Otago, Department of Economics, revised Jun 2009.
    8. Dobson, Stephen & Goddard, John, 2010. "Optimizing strategic behaviour in a dynamic setting in professional team sports," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 205(3), pages 661-669, September.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C72 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory - - - Noncooperative Games
    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism

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