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A regional analysis of openness and government size

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  • Frank Balle
  • Ashish Vaidya

Abstract

The effects of international trade have been studied primarily from the perspective of a nation, often overlooking the more direct effects that occur on a regional or state level. Studies have illustrated the relationship between international trade and openness to the size of a nation's government as well as to specific categories of government spending. Because the United States retains strong state governments it is important to correlate openness with government size at the state level. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain whether increased state openness has resulted in state governments responding to the increased international trade activity by offering greater social protection. It is found that both public welfare and health services expenditures are positively correlated with the level of a state's openness. This suggests that US states have had to respond to the adverse effects of increased international trade activity.

Suggested Citation

  • Frank Balle & Ashish Vaidya, 2002. "A regional analysis of openness and government size," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(5), pages 289-292.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apeclt:v:9:y:2002:i:5:p:289-292
    DOI: 10.1080/13504850110067450
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    2. Gao Liu & Rui Sun, 2016. "Economic Openness and Subnational Borrowing," Public Budgeting & Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(2), pages 45-69, June.
    3. Ahmet Tekin & İbrahim Tuğrul Çınar & Ersin Nail Sağdıç & Fazlı Yıldız, 2023. "Trade Openness and Sustainable Government Size: Evidence from Central and Eastern European Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-17, August.
    4. Vikas Dixit, 2014. "Relation between Trade Openness, Capital Openness and Government Size in India," Foreign Trade Review, , vol. 49(1), pages 1-29, February.
    5. Estela Sáenz Rodríguez & Marcela Sabaté Sort & Mª. Dolores Gadea Rivas, 2011. "¿Condiciona la apertura exterior el tamaño del sector público? Un panorama," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 198(3), pages 131-149, September.
    6. Mr. Daehaeng Kim & Chul-In Lee, 2007. "Government Size and Intersectoral Income Fluctuation: An International Panel Analysis," IMF Working Papers 2007/093, International Monetary Fund.
    7. Khalil Ahmad & Amjad Ali & Michael Yang, 2022. "The Effect Of Trade Liberalization On Expenditure Structure Of Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(1), pages 73-84, March.
    8. Rene Cabral Torres, 2012. "Capital and Labor Mobility and the Size of Sub-national Governments: Evidence from a Panel of Mexican States," CID Working Papers 231, Center for International Development at Harvard University.
    9. Chi Yao & Yong Ma, 2025. "Financial openness, trade openness, and the size of local government: evidence from China," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 42(3), pages 625-648, October.
    10. Muhammad Zakaria & Samreen Shakoor, 2011. "Relationship Between Government Size and Trade Openness: Evidence from Pakistan," Transition Studies Review, Springer;Central Eastern European University Network (CEEUN), vol. 18(2), pages 328-341, December.
    11. Estela Sáenz & Marcela Sabaté & M. Gadea, 2013. "Trade openness and public expenditure. The Spanish case, 1960–2000," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 154(3), pages 173-195, March.
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    14. Gemmell, Norman & Kneller, Richard & Sanz, Ismael, 2008. "Foreign investment, international trade and the size and structure of public expenditures," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 24(1), pages 151-171, March.

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