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Balance sheet effects and the country risk premium: An empirical investigation

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  • Juan Berganza
  • Roberto Chang
  • Alicia Herrero

Abstract

This paper investigates empirically whether there is a negative relationship between a country's risk premium and the balance sheet effect, as implied by recent theories emphasizing financial imperfections. We find evidence that balance sheet effects, stemming from the increase in the external debt service after an unexpected real depreciation, significantly raise the risk premium. We also show that the increase in the risk premium is not due to the debt service as such. While the result holds for the whole sample, we show that it is mainly driven by those countries with the largest financial imperfections, as argued by imperfect capital market theories. Particularly large real depreciations also seem to be disproportionately important, meaning that the balance sheet effects may be strongest at times of economic crisis, when large devaluations occur.
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  • Juan Berganza & Roberto Chang & Alicia Herrero, 2004. "Balance sheet effects and the country risk premium: An empirical investigation," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 140(4), pages 592-612, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:weltar:v:140:y:2004:i:4:p:592-612
    DOI: 10.1007/BF02659616
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    Cited by:

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    4. Aysun, Uluc, 2008. "Automatic stabilizer feature of fixed exchange rate regimes," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 9(4), pages 302-328, December.
    5. Camilo E Tovar, 2006. "Devaluations, output and the balance sheet effect: a structural econometric analysis," BIS Working Papers 215, Bank for International Settlements.
    6. Hossein Bastanzad & Pedram Davoudi & Hossein Tavakolian, 2018. "Foreign Exchange Rate Pricing at the Future Contract (Case of I.R. of Iran)," Iranian Economic Review (IER), Faculty of Economics,University of Tehran.Tehran,Iran, vol. 22(1), pages 253-293, Winter.
    7. Uluc Aysun, 2006. "Automatic Stabilizer Feature of Fixed Exchange Rate Regimes in Emerging Markets," Working papers 2006-27, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics, revised Aug 2008.
    8. Sokolov, Vladimir, 2010. "Bi-currency versus single-currency targeting : lessons from the Russian experience," BOFIT Discussion Papers 7/2010, Bank of Finland, Institute for Economies in Transition.
    9. Petra Palic & Petra Posedel Simovic & Maruska Vizek, 2017. "The Determinants of Country Risk Premium Volatility: Evidence from a Panel VAR Model," Croatian Economic Survey, The Institute of Economics, Zagreb, vol. 19(1), pages 37-66, June.
    10. Uluc Aysun, 2006. "Testing for Balance Sheet Effects in Emerging Market Countries," Working papers 2006-28, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics.
    11. Nunes, Débora & Arora, Diksha & Braunstein, Elissa, 2025. "Real effective exchange rate shocks and job quality by gender in Latin America," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 262-273.
    12. García, Carlos J. & González, Wildo D., 2013. "Exchange rate intervention in small open economies: The role of risk premium and commodity price shocks," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 424-447.
    13. Óscar J. Arce, 2005. "The fiscal theory of the price level: a narrow theory for non-fiat money," Working Papers 0501, Banco de España.
    14. Vanessa Olakemi Dovonou, 2023. "Trilemma revisited with dollar dominance in trade and finance," Working Papers 2023.05, International Network for Economic Research - INFER.
    15. Schweickert, Rainer & Thiele, Rainer, 2004. "From Washington to post-Washington? Consensus policies and divergent developments in Latin America and Asia," Kiel Discussion Papers 408, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    16. Tkalec, Marina & Vizek, Maruška & Verbič, Miroslav, 2014. "Balance sheet effects and original sinners’ risk premiums," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 597-613.
    17. Mihai Copaciu & Joana Madjoska & Mite Miteski, 2022. "A DSGE model with partial euroization: the case of the Macedonian economy," Working Papers 2022-01, National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia.
    18. Rasaki, Mutiu Gbade & Malikane, Christopher, 2017. "An estimated financial accelerator model for small-open African economies," MPRA Paper 95977, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Rasaki, Mutiu Gbade & Malikane, Christopher, 2015. "Macroeconomic shocks and fluctuations in African economies," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 675-696.
    20. Sokolov, Vladimir, 2010. "Bi-currency versus single-currency targeting: lessons from the Russian experience," BOFIT Discussion Papers 7/2010, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).
    21. Marina Tkalec & Miroslav Verbič, 2013. "A new look into the prevalence of balance sheet or competitiveness effect of exchange rate depreciation in a highly euroised economy," Post-Communist Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(2), pages 225-240, June.
    22. Uluc Aysun, 2010. "Testing for Balance Sheet Effects in Emerging Markets: A Non‐Crisis Setting," International Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(2), pages 223-256, August.
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    24. Myung-Soo Yie & Byoung Hark Yoo, 2016. "The Role Of Foreign Debt And Financial Frictions In A Small Open Economy Dsge Model," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 61(05), pages 1-23, December.

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    JEL classification:

    • F3 - International Economics - - International Finance
    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F34 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Lending and Debt Problems

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