IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/snbeco/v3y2023i9d10.1007_s43546-023-00550-0.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigating the weak and semi-strong forms of Informational Efficiency on the West African Economic and Monetary Union’s Stock Exchange (BRVM) through returns predictability tests

Author

Listed:
  • Daouda Lawa Tan Toe

    (University Thomas Sankara)

  • Mamadou Toe

    (University Thomas Sankara)

  • Tibi Didier Zoungrana

    (University Thomas Sankara)

Abstract

This study uses data from the BRVM and BCEAO databases collected between 1998 and 2020 to analyze the weak and semi-strong forms of the informational efficiency in the BRVM exchange. To examine the weak form of efficiency, the Augmented Dickey Fuller test, the Runs test, and the variance ratio are used. For the semi-strong form, the Johansen (1991) cointegration test and Granger causality tests are used. The results indicate that the BRVM is inefficient in the weak form because the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) tests indicate the absence of a unit root and the variance ratio and runs test do not reject the random walk hypothesis. In the semi-strong form, the Johansen cointegration test and the Granger causality test are convergent and show that macroeconomic factors such as the money supply M1 and M2 have predictive power for stock prices in the BRVM.

Suggested Citation

  • Daouda Lawa Tan Toe & Mamadou Toe & Tibi Didier Zoungrana, 2023. "Investigating the weak and semi-strong forms of Informational Efficiency on the West African Economic and Monetary Union’s Stock Exchange (BRVM) through returns predictability tests," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 3(9), pages 1-27, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:snbeco:v:3:y:2023:i:9:d:10.1007_s43546-023-00550-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s43546-023-00550-0
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s43546-023-00550-0
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s43546-023-00550-0?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Michael C. Jensen, 1968. "The Performance Of Mutual Funds In The Period 1945–1964," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 23(2), pages 389-416, May.
    2. Riyashad Ahmed & Md Delowar Hossain, 2018. "Testing Weak form Market Efficiency: Empirical Evidence from Selected Asian Stock Markets," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 8(6), pages 790-798, June.
    3. Lo, Andrew W. & MacKinlay, A. Craig, 1989. "The size and power of the variance ratio test in finite samples : A Monte Carlo investigation," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 40(2), pages 203-238, February.
    4. Grossman, Sanford J & Stiglitz, Joseph E, 1980. "On the Impossibility of Informationally Efficient Markets," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 70(3), pages 393-408, June.
    5. Johansen, Soren & Juselius, Katarina, 1990. "Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference on Cointegration--With Applications to the Demand for Money," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 52(2), pages 169-210, May.
    6. H Khoj & H. Akeel, 2020. "Testing Weak-Form Market Efficiency: The Case of Saudi Arabia," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(6), pages 644-653.
    7. Ozkan, Oktay, 2021. "Impact of COVID-19 on stock market efficiency: Evidence from developed countries," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    8. Iqbal Thonse Hawaldar & B. Shakila & Prakash Pinto, 2017. "Empirical Testing of Month of the Year Effect on Selected Commercial Banks and Services Sector Companies Listed on Bahrain Bourse," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 7(2), pages 426-436.
    9. Abbas Khan & Muhammad Yar Khan & Abdul Qayyum Khan & Majid Jamal Khan & Zia Ur Rahman, 2021. "Testing the weak form of efficient market hypothesis for socially responsible and Shariah indexes in the USA," Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 12(5), pages 625-645, July.
    10. Bhandari, Laxmi Chand, 1988. " Debt/Equity Ratio and Expected Common Stock Returns: Empirical Evidence," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 43(2), pages 507-528, June.
    11. Riyashad Ahmed & Md Delowar Hossain, 2018. "Testing Weak form Market Efficiency: Empirical Evidence from Selected Asian Stock Markets," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 8(6), pages 790-798.
    12. Shleifer, Andrei, 2000. "Inefficient Markets: An Introduction to Behavioral Finance," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198292272.
    13. Banz, Rolf W., 1981. "The relationship between return and market value of common stocks," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 3-18, March.
    14. Burton G. Malkiel, 2003. "The Efficient Market Hypothesis and Its Critics," Working Papers 111, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Center for Economic Policy Studies..
    15. Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan & Everton Dockery, 2021. "Testing for efficiency in the Saudi stock market: does corporate governance change matter?," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 61-90, July.
    16. Engle, Robert & Granger, Clive, 2015. "Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 39(3), pages 106-135.
    17. Burton G. Malkiel, 2003. "The Efficient Market Hypothesis and Its Critics," Working Papers 111, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Center for Economic Policy Studies..
    18. John Capstaff & Audun Klæboe & Andrew P. Marshall, 2004. "Share Price Reaction to Dividend Announcements: Empirical Evidence on the Signaling Model from the Oslo Stock Exchange," Multinational Finance Journal, Multinational Finance Journal, vol. 8(1-2), pages 115-139, March-Jun.
    19. Richardson, Matthew & Stock, James H., 1989. "Drawing inferences from statistics based on multiyear asset returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 25(2), pages 323-348, December.
    20. Katabi, Maximillian Michael & Raphael, Gwahula, 2018. "An Emprical Analysis of Weak-Form Efficiency of Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 6(2), July.
    21. French, Kenneth R. & Roll, Richard, 1986. "Stock return variances : The arrival of information and the reaction of traders," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 5-26, September.
    22. repec:pri:cepsud:91malkiel is not listed on IDEAS
    23. Mondher Bouattour & Isabelle Martinez, 2019. "Efficient market hypothesis: an experimental study with uncertainty and asymmetric information," Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, revues.org, vol. 22(4), pages 27-51, december.
    24. Johansen, Soren, 1991. "Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of Cointegration Vectors in Gaussian Vector Autoregressive Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 59(6), pages 1551-1580, November.
    25. Adedoyin Isola Lawal & Russel O Somoye & Abiola Ayopo Babajide, 2017. "Are African stock markets efficient? Evidence from wavelet unit root test for random walk," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 37(4), pages 2665-2679.
    26. Johansen, Soren, 1988. "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 12(2-3), pages 231-254.
    27. Jegadeesh, Narasimhan & Titman, Sheridan, 1993. "Returns to Buying Winners and Selling Losers: Implications for Stock Market Efficiency," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(1), pages 65-91, March.
    28. Jennings, R & Starks, L, 1985. "Information-Content And The Speed Of Stock-Price Adjustment," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(1), pages 336-350.
    29. Tomasz Potocki & Tomasz Swist, 2012. "Empirical Test of the Strong Form Efficiency of the Warsaw Stock Exchange: The Analysis of WIG 20 Index Shares," South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics, Association of Economic Universities of South and Eastern Europe and the Black Sea Region, vol. 10(2), pages 155-172.
    30. Bernard, Vl & Thomas, Jk, 1989. "Post-Earnings-Announcement Drift - Delayed Price Response Or Risk Premium," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27, pages 1-36.
    31. Kofi A. Osei, 1998. "Analysis of factors affecting the development of an emerging capital market: The case of the Ghana stock market," Working Papers 76, African Economic Research Consortium, Research Department.
    32. Binder, Jj, 1985. "On The Use Of The Multivariate Regression-Model In Event Studies," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(1), pages 370-383.
    33. Perron, Pierre, 1989. "The Great Crash, the Oil Price Shock, and the Unit Root Hypothesis," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 57(6), pages 1361-1401, November.
    34. H. Khoj & H. Akeel, 2020. "Testing Weak-Form Market Efficiency: The Case of Saudi Arabia," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(6), pages 644-653, June.
    35. Jensen, Michael C., 1978. "Some anomalous evidence regarding market efficiency," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 6(2-3), pages 95-101.
    36. Fama, Eugene F, et al, 1969. "The Adjustment of Stock Prices to New Information," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 10(1), pages 1-21, February.
    37. Burton G. Malkiel, 2003. "The Efficient Market Hypothesis and Its Critics," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 17(1), pages 59-82, Winter.
    38. Rui Dias & Nuno Teixeira & Veronika Machova & Pedro Pardal & Jakub Horak & Marek Vochozka, 2020. "Random walks and market efficiency tests: evidence on US, Chinese and European capital markets within the context of the global Covid-19 pandemic," Oeconomia Copernicana, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 11(4), pages 585-608, December.
    39. Kane, Alex & Lee, Young Ki & Marcus, Alan, 1984. "Earnings and Dividend Announcements: Is There a Corroboration Effect?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 39(4), pages 1091-1099, September.
    40. Graham Smith & Hyun-Jung Ryoo, 2003. "Variance ratio tests of the random walk hypothesis for European emerging stock markets," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(3), pages 290-300.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Stéphane Goutte & David Guerreiro & Bilel Sanhaji & Sophie Saglio & Julien Chevallier, 2019. "International Financial Markets," Post-Print halshs-02183053, HAL.
    2. Committee, Nobel Prize, 2013. "Understanding Asset Prices," Nobel Prize in Economics documents 2013-1, Nobel Prize Committee.
    3. Roland Rothenstein, 2018. "Quantification of market efficiency based on informational-entropy," Papers 1812.02371, arXiv.org.
    4. Fernando Rubio, 2005. "Eficiencia De Mercado, Administracion De Carteras De Fondos Y Behavioural Finance," Finance 0503028, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 23 Jul 2005.
    5. Baker, Mindy Lyn, 2009. "Three essays concerning agriculture and energy," ISU General Staff Papers 200901010800001849, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    6. Assia Kamoune & Nafii Ibenrissoul, 2022. "Traditional versus Behavioral Finance Theory [La théorie de la finance traditionnelle contre la théorie de la finance comportementale]," Post-Print hal-03634756, HAL.
    7. Mikio Ito & Akihiko Noda & Tatsuma Wada, 2016. "The evolution of stock market efficiency in the US: a non-Bayesian time-varying model approach," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(7), pages 621-635, February.
    8. Narayan, Seema & Smyth, Russell, 2015. "The financial econometrics of price discovery and predictability," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 380-393.
    9. Mallory, Mindy L. & Irwin, Scott H. & Hayes, Dermot J., 2012. "How market efficiency and the theory of storage link corn and ethanol markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 2157-2166.
    10. Adam Zaremba & Jacob Koby Shemer, 2018. "Price-Based Investment Strategies," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-319-91530-2, December.
    11. Pernagallo, Giuseppe & Torrisi, Benedetto, 2020. "Blindfolded monkeys or financial analysts: Who is worth your money? New evidence on informational inefficiencies in the U.S. stock market," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 539(C).
    12. Kin-Boon Tang & Shao-Jye Wong & Shih-Kuei Lin & Szu-Lang Liao, 2020. "Excess volatility and market efficiency in government bond markets: the ASEAN-5 context," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(2), pages 154-165, March.
    13. Deniz Erer & Elif Erer & Selim Güngör, 2023. "The aggregate and sectoral time-varying market efficiency during crisis periods in Turkey: a comparative analysis with COVID-19 outbreak and the global financial crisis," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 9(1), pages 1-25, December.
    14. Ashok Chanabasangouda Patil & Shailesh Rastogi, 2019. "Time-Varying Price–Volume Relationship and Adaptive Market Efficiency: A Survey of the Empirical Literature," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, June.
    15. Michael Heinrich Baumann, 2022. "Beating the market? A mathematical puzzle for market efficiency," Decisions in Economics and Finance, Springer;Associazione per la Matematica, vol. 45(1), pages 279-325, June.
    16. Paulo Sergio Ceretta & Alexandre Silva Da costa, 2017. "The Gap Effect on the Brazilian Exchange," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 37(4), pages 2505-2516.
    17. Stefanescu, Razvan & Dumitriu, Ramona, 2016. "Particularitǎţi ale evoluţiei variabilelor financiare [Some particularities of the financial variables evolution]," MPRA Paper 73481, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 02 Sep 2016.
    18. Kühl, Michael, 2007. "Cointegration in the foreign exchange market and market efficiency since the introduction of the Euro: Evidence based on bivariate cointegration analyses," University of Göttingen Working Papers in Economics 68, University of Goettingen, Department of Economics.
    19. Song, Chi-Young, 1997. "The Real Exchange Rate and the Current Account Balance in Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 11(2), pages 143-184, June.
    20. Campos, Julia & Ericsson, Neil R. & Hendry, David F., 1996. "Cointegration tests in the presence of structural breaks," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 70(1), pages 187-220, January.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Market efficiency; Returns; Predictability tests; BRVM; WAEMU;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:snbeco:v:3:y:2023:i:9:d:10.1007_s43546-023-00550-0. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.