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Classification of synoptic weather patterns associated with extreme wave events in different regions of Western South Atlantic

Author

Listed:
  • Matheus Bonjour Laviola Silva

    (University of São Paulo
    OceanPact Serviços Marítimos)

  • Danilo Couto Souza

    (University of São Paulo)

  • Fernando Tulio Camilo Barreto

    (OceanPact Serviços Marítimos)

  • Rodrigo Tecchio

    (University of São Paulo
    Brazilian Navy)

  • Renan Freitas Pimentel dos Anjos

    (University of São Paulo)

  • Carolina Barnez Gramcianinov

    (Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon)

  • Ricardo Camargo

    (University of São Paulo)

Abstract

The identification of weather patterns and associated surface waves for the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean is the goal of the present work. For this purpose, a K-means algorithm was adopted to group data into similar atmospheric conditions considering 25 years of reanalysis data (1993-2017) of zonal and meridional wind components and geopotential height at 1000 hPa. Three points (Vitoria, Santos and Rio Grande) along the Brazilian coast were chosen to evaluate the wave extremes and which Weather Patterns are associated with the extremes in these three different regions. The knee point detection method was used to determine the ideal number of centroids for representing the Weather Patterns at each point. The dates corresponding to each WP were used to plot the average wave field associated with each WP. The results indicate that WPs are dominated by both cyclones and anti-cyclones in the domain. Cyclones with a south/southwest fetch induce extreme waves in Santos and Rio Grande, while for Vitoria, extreme wave generation is more dominant due to the influence of the post-frontal high.

Suggested Citation

  • Matheus Bonjour Laviola Silva & Danilo Couto Souza & Fernando Tulio Camilo Barreto & Rodrigo Tecchio & Renan Freitas Pimentel dos Anjos & Carolina Barnez Gramcianinov & Ricardo Camargo, 2025. "Classification of synoptic weather patterns associated with extreme wave events in different regions of Western South Atlantic," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 121(8), pages 9853-9877, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:121:y:2025:i:8:d:10.1007_s11069-025-07166-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-025-07166-7
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