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Greenhouse gas emission factors for land use and land-use change in Southeast Asian peatlands

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  • K. Hergoualc’h
  • L. Verchot

Abstract

Tropical peat swamp forests, which are predominantly located in Southeast Asia (SEA) and play a prominent role as a global carbon store, are being intensively degraded and converted to agricultural lands and tree plantations. For national inventories, updated estimates of peat emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) from land use (LU) and land-use change in the tropics are required. In this context, we reviewed the scientific literature and calculated emission factors of peat net emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) in seven representative LU categories for SEA i.e. intact peat swamp forest, degraded forest (logged, drained and affected by fire), mixed croplands and shrublands, rice fields, oil palm, Acacia crassicarpa and sago palm plantations. Peat net CO 2 uptake from or emissions to the atmosphere were assessed using a mass balance approach. The balance included main peat C inputs through litterfall and root mortality and outputs via organic matter mineralization and dissolved organic carbon. Peat net CO 2 loss rate from degraded forest, croplands and shrublands, rice fields, oil palm, A. crassicarpa and sago palm plantations amounted to 19.4 ± 9.4, 41.0 ± 6.7, 25.6 ± 11.5, 29.9 ± 10.6, 71.8 ± 12.7 and 5.2 ± 5.1 Mg CO 2 ha −1 y −1 , respectively. Total peat GHG losses amounted to 20.9 ± 9.4, 43.8 ± 6.8, 36.1 ± 12.9, 30.4 ± 10.6, 72 ± 12.8 and 8.6 ± 5.3 Mg CO 2 -equivalent ha −1 y −1 in the same LU categories, respectively. A single land-clearing fire would result in additional emissions of 493.6 ± 156.0 Mg CO 2 -equivalent ha −1 . Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014

Suggested Citation

  • K. Hergoualc’h & L. Verchot, 2014. "Greenhouse gas emission factors for land use and land-use change in Southeast Asian peatlands," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 19(6), pages 789-807, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:masfgc:v:19:y:2014:i:6:p:789-807
    DOI: 10.1007/s11027-013-9511-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. G. Robertson & Peter Grace, 2004. "Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Tropical and Temperate Agriculture: The need for a Full-Cost accounting of Global Warming Potentials," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 51-63, March.
    2. Bambang Saharjo, 2007. "Shifting cultivation in peatlands," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 135-146, January.
    3. Sam Moore & Chris D. Evans & Susan E. Page & Mark H. Garnett & Tim G. Jones & Chris Freeman & Aljosja Hooijer & Andrew J. Wiltshire & Suwido H. Limin & Vincent Gauci, 2013. "Deep instability of deforested tropical peatlands revealed by fluvial organic carbon fluxes," Nature, Nature, vol. 493(7434), pages 660-663, January.
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    2. Matthew Warren & Steve Frolking & Zhaohua Dai & Sofyan Kurnianto, 2017. "Impacts of land use, restoration, and climate change on tropical peat carbon stocks in the twenty-first century: implications for climate mitigation," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 22(7), pages 1041-1061, October.
    3. Rupesh Kumar Bhomia & Jeffrey Lent & Julio M. Grandez Rios & Kristell Hergoualc’h & Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado & Daniel Murdiyarso, 2019. "Impacts of Mauritia flexuosa degradation on the carbon stocks of freshwater peatlands in the Pastaza-Marañón river basin of the Peruvian Amazon," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 645-668, April.
    4. Jeffrey van Lent & Kristell Hergoualc’h & Louis Verchot & Oene Oenema & Jan Willem van Groenigen, 2019. "Greenhouse gas emissions along a peat swamp forest degradation gradient in the Peruvian Amazon: soil moisture and palm roots effects," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 625-643, April.
    5. Erin Swails & X. Yang & S. Asefi & K. Hergoualc’h & L. Verchot & R. E. McRoberts & D. Lawrence, 2019. "Linking soil respiration and water table depth in tropical peatlands with remotely sensed changes in water storage from the gravity recovery and climate experiment," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 575-590, April.
    6. Jonah Busch & Jens Engelmann, 2015. "The Future of Forests: Emissions from Tropical Deforestation With and Without a Carbon Price, 2016-2050," Working Papers id:7819, eSocialSciences.
    7. Daniel Murdiyarso & Erik Lilleskov & Randy Kolka, 2019. "Tropical peatlands under siege: the need for evidence-based policies and strategies," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 493-505, April.
    8. Surahman, Arif & Soni, Peeyush & Shivakoti, Ganesh P., 2018. "Reducing CO2 emissions and supporting food security in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, with improved peatland management," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 325-332.

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