Current Status and Compliance Management of EPR Regulations for Packaging Waste in Vietnam

This study examines the current situation and compliance management of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) regulations for packaging waste in Vietnam, providing critical insights into EPR awareness, challenges, and compliance. Using a questionnaire survey that yielded 82 valid responses through mixed sampling methods, the research highlights varying levels of understanding of EPR obligations, with academics displaying the highest knowledge. While most participants demonstrate basic awareness, deep understanding and preparedness remain limited. Notably, many respondents reported that they prefer to rely on recycling service companies to fulfil EPR obligations. Larger companies with annual revenues exceeding 300 billion VND were found to be the most proactive with their EPR implementation plans; however, the study identified significant barriers to EPR compliance, including data collection, legislative modifications, and monitoring capacity for authorities. Recycling activities, financial burdens, and waste management procedures for companies were also barriers. To address these challenges, the research emphasises the importance of clear regulations, an online reporting system, and a multi-stakeholder approach. Targeted strategies, such as financial and technical support, implementation guidelines, and robust monitoring mechanisms, are proposed to enhance compliance and effectiveness. This study aims to contribute knowledge to the establishment of a more sustainable and efficient EPR framework for packaging waste management in Vietnam.