IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/anname/v711y2024i1p57-79.html

Understanding the Social Safety Net: Lessons from the Work of Rebecca Blank

Author

Listed:
  • Paul N. Courant
  • Lucie Schmidt
  • Julia Yates

Abstract

Over many years, the research and writing of Rebecca Blank provided insightful analysis of poverty and the social safety net in the U.S. A number of lessons can be drawn from her work—about the social safety net and about policy-relevant scholarship—that remain crucial. Blank’s work shows us the importance of considering heterogeneity among those who live in poverty. It highlights the patchwork nature of the social safety net as well as the role played by both geographic variation and race in determining antipoverty policy in the U.S. Her lessons on scholarship include the value of measurement and of high-quality research that considers both benefits and costs of policies. Finally, Blank’s work shows us that the perception that “nothing works†to reduce poverty misinterprets history and ignores a growing body of evidence.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul N. Courant & Lucie Schmidt & Julia Yates, 2024. "Understanding the Social Safety Net: Lessons from the Work of Rebecca Blank," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 711(1), pages 57-79, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:anname:v:711:y:2024:i:1:p:57-79
    DOI: 10.1177/00027162241291377
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00027162241291377
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/00027162241291377?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hilary W. Hoynes & Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach, 2009. "Consumption Responses to In-Kind Transfers: Evidence from the Introduction of the Food Stamp Program," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 1(4), pages 109-139, October.
    2. Anna Aizer & Hilary W. Hoynes & Adriana Lleras-Muney, 2022. "Children and the US Social Safety Net: Balancing Disincentives for Adults and Benefits for Children," NBER Working Papers 29754, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. repec:bin:bpeajo:v:49:y:2019:i:2018-01:p:89-150 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Marianne Bitler & Hilary Hoynes & Elira Kuka, 2017. "Child Poverty, the Great Recession, and the Social Safety Net in the United States," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 36(2), pages 358-389, March.
    5. Lucie Schmidt & Lara Shore‐Sheppard & Tara Watson, 2023. "The Effect of Safety Net Generosity on Maternal Mental Health and Risky Health Behaviors," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(3), pages 706-736, June.
    6. Bruce D. Meyer & Wallace K. C. Mok & James X. Sullivan, 2015. "Household Surveys in Crisis," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 29(4), pages 199-226, Fall.
    7. Dodini, Samuel & Larrimore, Jeff & Tranfaglia, Anna, 2024. "Financial repercussions of SNAP work requirements," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    8. Rebecca M. Blank, 2001. "What Causes Public Assistance Caseloads to Grow?," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 36(1), pages 85-118.
    9. Hilary Hoynes & Doug Miller & David Simon, 2015. "Income, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and Infant Health," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 7(1), pages 172-211, February.
    10. Daniel Feenberg & Elisabeth Coutts, 1993. "An introduction to the TAXSIM model," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 12(1), pages 189-194.
    11. Buchmueller, T.C. & Levinson, Z.M. & Levy, H.G. & Wolfe, B.L., 2016. "Effect of the affordable care act on racial and ethnic disparities in health insurance coverage," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(8), pages 1416-1421.
    12. Robert Moffitt, 2015. "The Deserving Poor, the Family, and the U.S. Welfare System," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 52(3), pages 729-749, June.
    13. Blank, Rebecca M & Ruggles, Patricia, 1994. "Short-Term Recidivism among Public-Assistance Recipients," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 84(2), pages 49-53, May.
    14. Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach & Michael R. Strain, 2023. "Employment and Labor Supply Responses to the Child Tax Credit Expansion: Theory and Evidence," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 710(1), pages 141-156, November.
    15. Hilary W. Hoynes & Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach, 2018. "Safety Nets Investments in Children," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 49(1 (Spring), pages 89-150.
    16. Anna Aizer & Hilary Hoynes & Adriana Lleras-Muney, 2022. "Children and the US Social Safety Net: Balancing Disincentives for Adults and Benefits for Children," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 36(2), pages 149-174, Spring.
    17. Rebecca M. Blank, 1989. "The Effect of Medical Need and Medicaid on AFDC Participation," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 24(1), pages 54-87.
    18. Stith Sarah S., 2022. "Effects of work requirements for food assistance eligibility on disability claiming," IZA Journal of Labor Economics, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 11(1), pages 1-31, January.
    19. Bradley Hardy & Charles Hokayem & James P. Ziliak, 2022. "Income Inequality, Race, and the EITC," National Tax Journal, University of Chicago Press, vol. 75(1), pages 149-167.
    20. Colin Gray & Adam Leive & Elena Prager & Kelsey Pukelis & Mary Zaki, 2023. "Employed in a SNAP? The Impact of Work Requirements on Program Participation and Labor Supply," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 15(1), pages 306-341, February.
    21. Anna Aizer & Shari Eli & Joseph Ferrie & Adriana Lleras-Muney, 2016. "The Long-Run Impact of Cash Transfers to Poor Families," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 106(4), pages 935-971, April.
    22. William N. Evans & Craig L. Garthwaite, 2014. "Giving Mom a Break: The Impact of Higher EITC Payments on Maternal Health," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 6(2), pages 258-290, May.
    23. Han, Jeehoon, 2022. "The impact of SNAP work requirements on labor supply," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    24. Elira Kuka & Bryan A. Stuart, 2021. "Racial Inequality in Unemployment Insurance Receipt and Take-Up," NBER Working Papers 29595, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    25. Carolyn M. Moehling, 2007. "The American Welfare System and Family Structure: An Historical Perspective," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 42(1).
    26. Andrew Goodman-Bacon, 2021. "The Long-Run Effects of Childhood Insurance Coverage: Medicaid Implementation, Adult Health, and Labor Market Outcomes," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 111(8), pages 2550-2593, August.
    27. Lucie Schmidt & Lara Shore-Sheppard & Tara Watson, 2024. "Safety-Net Program Spillovers and Administrative Burden," National Tax Journal, University of Chicago Press, vol. 77(1), pages 199-221.
    28. Hilary Hoynes & Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach & Douglas Almond, 2016. "Long-Run Impacts of Childhood Access to the Safety Net," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 106(4), pages 903-934, April.
    29. Timothy F. Harris, 2021. "Do Snap Work Requirements Work?," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 59(1), pages 72-94, January.
    30. Lucie Schmidt & Lara Shore-Sheppard & Tara Watson, 2016. "The Effect of Safety-Net Programs on Food Insecurity," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 51(3), pages 589-614.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nicardo S. McInnis & Katherine Michelmore & Natasha Pilkauskas, 2023. "The Intergenerational Transmission of Poverty and Public Assistance: Evidence from the Earned Income Tax Credit," NBER Working Papers 31429, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Anna Aizer & Adriana Lleras-Muney & Katherine Michelmore, 2023. "The Effects of the 2021 Child Tax Credit on Child Developmental Outcomes," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 710(1), pages 172-189, November.
    3. Bradley Hardy & Timothy Smeeding & James P. Ziliak, 2018. "The Changing Safety Net for Low-Income Parents and Their Children: Structural or Cyclical Changes in Income Support Policy?," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(1), pages 189-221, February.
    4. Jajtner, Katie & Wang, Yang, 2025. "The effects of earned income tax credits on intergenerational health mobility in the United States," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    5. González, Libertad & Trommlerová, Sofia, 2022. "Cash transfers before pregnancy and infant health," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    6. Dodini, Samuel & Larrimore, Jeff & Tranfaglia, Anna, 2024. "Financial repercussions of SNAP work requirements," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    7. Naomi Gershoni & Rania Gihleb & Assaf Kott & Hani Mansour & Yannay Shanan, 2025. "Adjustments to Reduced Cash Transfers: Religious Safety Nets and Children's Long-Term Outcomes," CESifo Working Paper Series 11856, CESifo.
    8. Hilary W. Hoynes & Jesse Rothstein, 2019. "Universal Basic Income in the US and Advanced Countries," NBER Working Papers 25538, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Hema Shah & Lisa A. Gennetian, 2024. "Unconditional cash transfers for families with children in the U.S.: a scoping review," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 415-450, June.
    10. Lucie Schmidt & Lara Shore‐Sheppard & Tara Watson, 2023. "The Effect of Safety Net Generosity on Maternal Mental Health and Risky Health Behaviors," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(3), pages 706-736, June.
    11. Joseph Mullins, 2022. "Designing Cash Transfers in the Presence of Children's Human Capital Formation," Working Papers 2022-019, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    12. Katja Maria Kaufmann & Yasemin Özdemir & Han Ye, 2022. "Spillover Effects of Old-Age Pension across Generations: Family Labor Supply and Child Outcomes," CESifo Working Paper Series 9813, CESifo.
    13. Noghanibehambari, Hamid & Engelman, Michal, 2022. "Social insurance programs and later-life mortality: Evidence from new deal relief spending," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    14. Bradley Hardy & Charles Hokayem, 2023. "The Effects of the 2021 Child Tax Credit on Racial and Ethnic Inequalities in Well-Being," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 710(1), pages 157-171, November.
    15. Nicolas R. Ziebarth, 2018. "Social Insurance and Health," Contributions to Economic Analysis, in: Health Econometrics, volume 127, pages 57-84, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    16. Martha J Bailey & Hilary Hoynes & Maya Rossin-Slater & Reed Walker, 2024. "Is the Social Safety Net a Long-Term Investment? Large-Scale Evidence From the Food Stamps Program," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 91(3), pages 1291-1330.
    17. Manasi Deshpande & Rebecca Dizon-Ross, 2023. "The (Lack of) Anticipatory Effects of the Social Safety Net on Human Capital Investment," NBER Working Papers 31512, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    18. Jacob Goldin & Elaine Maag & Katherine Michelmore, 2021. "Estimating the Net Fiscal Cost of a Child Tax Credit Expansion," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 36, pages 159-195, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    19. Wilson, Kaitlyn & Jones, Jordan W., 2026. "The Effects of Reinstating ABAWD Work Requirements Following National Suspensions on SNAP Participation and Employment," 2026 Annual Meeting, July 26 - 28, 2026, Kansas City, Missouri 404777, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    20. Elizabeth Ananat & Irwin Garfinkel, 2023. "The Potential Long-Run Impact of a Permanently Expanded Child Tax Credit," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 710(1), pages 192-208, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:anname:v:711:y:2024:i:1:p:57-79. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.