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L'analyse économique des migrations, une synthèse critique

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  • Hubert Jayet

Abstract

[fre] Cet article est une synthèse critique des analyses économiques de la migra­tion. En négligeant d'abord ses aspects temporels, celle-ci est introduite comme une forme particulière de décision de localisation. Celle-ci est induite soit par des disparités spatiales entre marchés du travail, soit par des différences de dotations en aménités et biens publics locaux. L'introduction de la dimension temporelle conduit aux modèles d'investissement en capital humain. Elle permet de mieux comprendre les facteurs de répétition migratoire dans le cadre d'un programme d'optimisation intertemporelle. Elle permet également l'intégration de la migration dans une vision globale des mobilités et du capital humain. Enfin, l'article fait le bilan de la controverse sur l'efficacité des migrations, c'est-à-dire sur leur capacité à résorber les déséquilibres géographiques et à assurer une situation proche de l'équilibre spatial. [eng] This paper presents a review of human migration economic analysis. At first, migration is a specific form of location decision, motivated by differences among local labour market or spatial disparities in amenities and local public goods. Intro­ducing the intertemporal consequences of migration leads to the consideration of migration as a human capital investment. This intertemporal framework is needed for a better understanding of repeat migration. It is also useful for a better unders­tanding of the links between migration and other forms of human mobility, e.g. professional or familial. Last, the paper examines the controversy on efficiency of migrations : is migration able to reduce spatial disparities and to move the interre­gional system toward spatial equilibrium ?

Suggested Citation

  • Hubert Jayet, 1996. "L'analyse économique des migrations, une synthèse critique," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 47(2), pages 193-226.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1996_num_47_2_409768
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1996.409768
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1996.409768
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    3. Alain Kikandi Kiuma & Christian Kamala Kaghoma & Joelle Mukenyi Kalala & Allegra Kabamba Mbuyi, 2015. "Mobilité interne et entrepreneuriat des jeunes en République démocratique du Congo," Working Papers PMMA 2015-07, PEP-PMMA.
    4. Jean-François Royer, 2008. "Disparités territoriales : effets et causes des comportements des agents," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 415(1), pages 3-16.

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