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La productivité industrielle en crise : une interprétation

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  • Gilbert Cette
  • Pierre Joly

Abstract

[eng] Industrial productivity in crisis : an interpretation -The crisis that has struck the French economy since the first oil shock has been accompanied by a slowing of the progress of productivity. The study of this phenomenon is attempted here with the aid of a production model with repect to capital formation and complementary factors. The growth of work productivity has slowed since 1975. To a great extent, this slowing is probably due to the inertia of employment, particularly in intermediate goods. The second important factor, which touches all branches, is probably the obsolescence of the production apparatus, itself a consequence of an investment effort that has been less sustained since 1975. As far as apparent capital efficiency is concerned, its decrease has accelerated in almost all industrial branches, above all because the length of utilisation of equipment goods has been reduced. A priori, it is conceivable that a slowing of technical progress, incorporated or not incorporated into equipment goods, is also at the origin of the drop in productivity. After examination of this question, it does not seem that this effect has been notable since 1975. [spa] La productividad industrial en crisis : una interpretación - La crisis que atane la economía francesa desde el primer golpe petrolero vá acompañada por una ralentización del desarrollo. Se intenta aqui estudiar el fenómeno mediante un modelo de production de generaciones de capital y de factores complementarios. El incramento de la productividad laboral ralentizó desde 1975. Dicha ralentización se debería mayormente a la inercia del empleo, especialmente en los bienes inter medios. El segundo factor de consideración, el que atane, todas las ramas, seria el envejecimiento del aparato productivo, consecuencia propia de un esfuerzo en materia de inversion algo relajado desde 1975. En cuanto a eficacia aparente del capital, su decrecimiento se acceleró en casi todas las ramas industriales, mayormente porque la duración de los equipos se ha ido reduciendo. A priori, era concebible que una ralentización del desarrollo tecnico, incorporado o no a los equipos, sea también al origen del descenso de la productividad. Tras examen, no parece ser que este efecto haya sido notable desde 1975. [fre] La crise qui frappe l'économie française depuis le premier choc pétrolier s'accompagne d'un ralentissement des progrès de productivité. L'étude de ce phénomène est tentée ici à l'aide d'un modèle de production à générations de capital et à facteurs complémentaires. La croissance de la productivité du travail s'est ralentie depuis 1975. Ce ralentissement serait dû pour une large part à l'inertie de l'emploi, en particulier dans les biens intermédiaires. Le deuxième facteur important, et qui touche toutes les branches, serait le vieillissement de l'appareil de production, lui-même conséquence d'un effort d'investissement moins soutenu depuis 1975. Quant à l'efficacité apparente du capital, sa décroissance s'est accélérée dans presque toutes les branches industrielles, surtout parce que la durée d'utilisation des équipements s'est réduite. Il était a priori concevable qu'un ralentissement du progrès technique, incorporé ou non incorporé aux équipements, soit aussi à l'origine du fléchissement de la productivité. Après examen, il ne semble pas que cet effet ait été notable depuis 1975.

Suggested Citation

  • Gilbert Cette & Pierre Joly, 1984. "La productivité industrielle en crise : une interprétation," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 166(1), pages 3-24.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1984_num_166_1_4858
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1984.4858
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1984.4858
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nadiri, M Ishaq & Rosen, Sherwin, 1969. "Interrelated Factor Demand Functions," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 59(4), pages 457-471, Part I Se.
    2. Jacky Fayolle, 1983. "Emploi, inflation et gestion des entreprises industrielles," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 160(1), pages 3-19.
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    4. Robert Boyer & Pascal Petit, 1981. "Progrès technique, croissance et emploi : Un modèle d'inspiration kaldorienne pour six industries européennes," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 32(6), pages 1113-1153.
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    1. Glyn, Andrew & Hughes, Alan & Lipietz, Alan & Sigh, Ajit, "undated". "The Rise and Fall of the Golden Age," WIDER Working Papers 295573, United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    2. Gilbert Cette & Daniel Szpiro, 1988. "Durée de vie et âge moyen de l'outil de production," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 208(1), pages 3-14.
    3. Philippe Michel & Antoine d'Autume, 1987. "Repères sur la substitution capital-travail," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 38(3), pages 703-723.
    4. Paul Dubois, 1985. "Ruptures de croissance et progrès technique," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 181(1), pages 3-31.
    5. Jean-Yves LESUEUR & Patrick PLANE, 1993. "Politique De L'Emploi Et Évolution De La Productivité Dans Les Entreprises Publiques Sénégalaises (1980 - 1988)," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 64(3), pages 395-418, July.
    6. Claude Thélot, 1985. "La croissance du chômage depuis vingt ans : interprétations macroéconomiques," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 183(1), pages 61-77.
    7. Olivier Marchand & Elisabeth Martin-Le Goff, 1985. "200 000 emplois à nouveau perdus en 1984," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 176(1), pages 3-14.
    8. Gilbert Cette & Daniel Szpiro, 1990. "L'influence de l'investissement sur la productivité via le progrès technique," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 237(1), pages 87-98.
    9. Michel Delattre, 1986. "1979-1984 : une nouvelle donne pour les branches de l'industrie," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 186(1), pages 3-30.
    10. Nathalie Greenan & Dominique Guellec, 1994. "Organisation du travail, technologie et performances : une étude empirique," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 113(2), pages 39-56.

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