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Les apports de la micro-simulation aux modèles d’équilibre général : application au cas de l’Afrique du Sud

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  • Nicolas Hérault

Abstract

[eng] Following Savard (2004), this paper examines how microsimulation can contribute to general-equilibrium analysis (GEA). Microsimulation modeling can enhance GEA. The author illustrates the combination of the two approaches by applying them in sequence to assess the impact of trade liberalization in South Africa. The conclusion is that computable general-equilibrium models cause bias in income-distribution analyses because of the use of representative household groups rather than individual information. By correcting for this bias, microsimulation techniques can offer additional insights into income distribution. [fre] Dans la lignée des travaux de Savard (2004), ce papier se propose d’examiner les apports de la micro-simulation aux analyses en équilibre général. Il s’agit de montrer comment l’analyse en équilibre général peut être enrichie par l’utilisation d’un modèle de micro-simulation. L’application de ces deux approches, de manière séquentielle, à l’étude des effets de la libéralisation commerciale en Afrique du Sud en fournit une illustration. La conclusion est que les modèles d’équilibre général calculable ne constituent pas des outils appropriés pour l’analyse des impacts sur la distribution des revenus, de part les biais issus de l’utilisation de ménages représentatifs. La micro-simulation permet de corriger ces biais et autorise une analyse plus fine des effets en termes de distribution des revenus.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicolas Hérault, 2009. "Les apports de la micro-simulation aux modèles d’équilibre général : application au cas de l’Afrique du Sud," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 187(1), pages 123-135.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2009_num_187_1_7879
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2009.7879
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2009.7879
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    1. Thurlow, James & van Seventer, Dirk Ernst, 2002. "A standard computable general equilibrium model for South Africa," TMD discussion papers 100, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    2. N. Hérault, 2006. "Building And Linking A Microsimulation Model To A Cge Model For South Africa," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 74(1), pages 34-58, March.
    3. Agenor, Pierre-Richard & Chen, Derek H.C. & Grimm, Michael, 2004. "Linking representative household models with household surveys for poverty analysis : a comparison of alternative methodologies," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3343, The World Bank.
    4. Luc Savard, 2004. "Poverty and Inequality Analysis within a CGE Framework: a Comparative Analysis of the Representative Agent and Micro-Simulation Approaches," Cahiers de recherche 0412, CIRPEE.
    5. Nicolas Hérault, 2005. "Trade Liberalisation, Poverty and Inequality in South Africa: A CGE-Microsimulation Analysis," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2005n17, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne.
    6. N. Anders Klevmarken, 1997. "Behavioral Modeling in Micro Simulation Models. A Survey," Working Paper Series 1997:31, Uppsala University, Department of Economics.
    7. Maurizio Bussolo & Jann Lay, 2003. "Globalisation and Poverty Changes in Colombia," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 226, OECD Publishing.
    8. John Creedy & Alan S. Duncan & Mark Harris & Rosanna Scutella, 2002. "Microsimulation Modelling of Taxation and the Labour Market," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 2796.
    9. repec:dau:papers:123456789/5124 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Anne‐Sophie Robilliard & Sherman Robinson, 2003. "Reconciling Household Surveys and National Accounts Data Using a Cross Entropy Estimation Method," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 49(3), pages 395-406, September.
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