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Systematic transformation of urban cold chain networks: From cross-regional dependencies to sustainable local excellence

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  • Kewei Wang
  • Kekun Fan
  • Yuhong Chen

Abstract

Urban agglomerations in developing regions face cascading inefficiencies in cold chain logistics, driven by structural dependencies on cross-regional distribution that generate excessive costs, carbon emissions, and quality deterioration. This study develops and empirically validates a systematic transformation framework that utilizes hierarchical optimization to reconfigure these inefficient networks into integrated, sustainable local systems. Our approach coordinates strategic facility location with operational vehicle routing, enabling emergent, system-level improvements that transcend conventional optimization. Empirical validation using 35 supermarket stores in the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Ulanqab (HBOU) urban agglomeration demonstrates substantial, concurrent outcomes under practical conditions: a 44.1% reduction in both cost and carbon emissions, and a 21.9% enhancement in product freshness. Statistical analysis confirms high significance (p

Suggested Citation

  • Kewei Wang & Kekun Fan & Yuhong Chen, 2025. "Systematic transformation of urban cold chain networks: From cross-regional dependencies to sustainable local excellence," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 20(11), pages 1-37, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0336993
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0336993
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