IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0289639.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimal government and manufacturer incentive contracts for green production with asymmetric information

Author

Listed:
  • Jiayang Xu
  • Jian Cao
  • Sanjay Kumar
  • Sisi Wu

Abstract

Governments commonly utilize subsidy policy to incentivize manufacturers to produce green products, promoting sustainable development. However, in the presence of information asymmetry, some manufacturers may dishonestly misrepresent the green degree of their products to secure higher subsidies. This study examines different incentive contracts between the government and a green product manufacturer who keeps private information of a product’s green-degree in a principal-agent model. Lump-sum transfer and fixed- and flexible-proportion benefit-sharing contracts are proposed to investigate screening and improving green-degree issues. To further enhance the flexible-proportion benefit-sharing contract, we construct a non-linear coordinated contract based on the Nash bargaining solution. The revelation principle and Nash bargaining are performed for comparison and analysis of the contracts. We find that the lump-sum contract reveals true green-degree information but fails to impel manufacturers to improve product’s green-degree in developing countries where green product development is in initial stages. In contrast, both fixed- and flexible- proportion benefit-sharing contracts are effective in reveling and enhancing green-degree. The non-linear coordination contract optimizes resource allocation and achieves Pareto improvement. An applied case study for inkjet printer operations and numerical experiments corroborate our model findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiayang Xu & Jian Cao & Sanjay Kumar & Sisi Wu, 2023. "Optimal government and manufacturer incentive contracts for green production with asymmetric information," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(8), pages 1-28, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0289639
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289639
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0289639
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0289639&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0289639?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Louis H. Amato & Arthur Zillante & Christie H Amato, 2015. "Corporate environmental claims: a game theory model with empirical results," Social Responsibility Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 11(1), pages 36-55, March.
    2. Bovenberg, A Lans & Goulder, Lawrence H, 1996. "Optimal Environmental Taxation in the Presence of Other Taxes: General-Equilibrium Analyses," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 86(4), pages 985-1000, September.
    3. Walls, Margaret & Palmer, Karen, 2001. "Upstream Pollution, Downstream Waste Disposal, and the Design of Comprehensive Environmental Policies," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 94-108, January.
    4. Syed Abdul Rehman Khan & Adnan Ahmed Sheikh & Mubeen Ashraf & Zhang Yu, 2022. "Improving Consumer-Based Green Brand Equity: The Role of Healthy Green Practices, Green Brand Attachment, and Green Skepticism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-17, September.
    5. John C. Harsanyi, 1968. "Games with Incomplete Information Played by "Bayesian" Players Part II. Bayesian Equilibrium Points," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 14(5), pages 320-334, January.
    6. Myerson, Roger B, 1979. "Incentive Compatibility and the Bargaining Problem," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 47(1), pages 61-73, January.
    7. Samuelson, William F, 1984. "Bargaining under Asymmetric Information," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 52(4), pages 995-1005, July.
    8. Richard Fairchild, 2008. "The Manufacturing Sector’s Environmental Motives: A Game-theoretic Analysis," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 79(3), pages 333-344, May.
    9. Bovenberg, A.L. & Goulder, L.H., 1996. "Optimal environmental taxation in the presence of other taxes : General equilibrium analyses," Other publications TiSEM 5d4b7517-c5c8-4ef6-ab76-3, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    10. Pietro Giovanni, 2017. "Closed-loop supply chain coordination through incentives with asymmetric information," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 253(1), pages 133-167, June.
    11. Hong, Zhaofu & Guo, Xiaolong, 2019. "Green product supply chain contracts considering environmental responsibilities," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 155-166.
    12. Mitra, Supriya & Webster, Scott, 2008. "Competition in remanufacturing and the effects of government subsidies," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(2), pages 287-298, February.
    13. Joshua D. Angrist & Jörn-Steffen Pischke, 2009. "Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 8769.
    14. Shengguo Xu & Chunli Chu & Meiting Ju & Chaofeng Shao, 2016. "System Establishment and Method Application for Quantitatively Evaluating the Green Degree of the Products in Green Public Procurement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-12, September.
    15. repec:plo:pone00:0178723 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Mariotti, Marco, 1996. "Non-optimal Nash Bargaining Solutions," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 52(1), pages 15-20, July.
    17. C. Lombardini-Riipinen, 2005. "Optimal Tax Policy under Environmental Quality Competition," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 32(3), pages 317-336, November.
    18. Louis H. Amato & Arthur Zillante & Christie H Amato, 2015. "Corporate environmental claims: a game theory model with empirical results," Social Responsibility Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 11(1), pages 36-55, March.
    19. Ali Pedram & Payam Pedram & Nukman Bin Yusoff & Shahryar Sorooshian, 2017. "Development of closed–loop supply chain network in terms of corporate social responsibility," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(4), pages 1-20, April.
    20. John S. Heywood & Xiangting Hu & Guangliang Ye, 2017. "Optimal Partial Privatization with Asymmetric Demand Information," Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE), Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 173(2), pages 347-375, June.
    21. James D. Abbey & Margaret G. Meloy & V. Daniel R. Guide Jr. & Selin Atalay, 2015. "Remanufactured Products in Closed-Loop Supply Chains for Consumer Goods," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 24(3), pages 488-503, March.
    22. Khor, Kuan Siew & Udin, Zulkifli Mohamed, 2013. "Reverse logistics in Malaysia: Investigating the effect of green product design and resource commitment," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 71-80.
    23. Albert Y. Ha & Shilu Tong, 2008. "Contracting and Information Sharing Under Supply Chain Competition," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 54(4), pages 701-715, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sheu, Jiuh-Biing & Chen, Yenming J., 2012. "Impact of government financial intervention on competition among green supply chains," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(1), pages 201-213.
    2. Liu, Jing & Xia, Senmao & Wang, Zhaoxing & Nie, Jiajia & Ameen, Nisreen & Yan, Cheng & Lim, Ming K., 2023. "How to balance economic profits and environmental protection: The impacts of cash hedging on remanufacturing firms," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    3. Fullerton, Don & Wolverton, Ann, 2005. "The two-part instrument in a second-best world," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(9-10), pages 1961-1975, September.
    4. Yan Zhang & Wen Zhang, 2023. "Optimal pricing and greening decisions in a supply chain when considering market segmentation," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 324(1), pages 93-130, May.
    5. Marc Vielle & Alain L. Bernard, 1998. "Un exemple d'utilisation : le coût de politiques de réduction des gaz à effet de serre," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 136(5), pages 33-48.
    6. Missbach, Leonard & Steckel, Jan Christoph & Vogt-Schilb, Adrien, 2024. "Cash transfers in the context of carbon pricing reforms in Latin America and the Caribbean," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    7. Fankhauser, Samuel & Jotzo, Frank, 2017. "Economic growth and development with low-carbon energy," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 86850, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    8. Don Fullerton & Gilbert E. Metcalf, 2002. "Environmental Controls, Scarcity Rents, and Pre-existing Distortions," Chapters, in: Lawrence H. Goulder (ed.), Environmental Policy Making in Economies with Prior Tax Distortions, chapter 26, pages 504-522, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    9. Parry, Ian W.H., 2008. "How should heavy-duty trucks be taxed?," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(2), pages 651-668, March.
    10. Bruno De Borger & Bart Wuyts, 2009. "Commuting, Transport Tax Reform and the Labour Market: Employer-paid Parking and the Relative Efficiency of Revenue Recycling Instruments," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 46(1), pages 213-233, January.
    11. Schünemann, Johannes & Trimborn, Timo, 2023. "Boosting taxes for boasting about houses? Status concerns in the housing market," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 120-143.
    12. Don Fullerton & Inkee Hong & Gilbert E. Metcalf, 2001. "A Tax on Output of the Polluting Industry Is Not a Tax on Pollution: The Importance of Hitting the Target," NBER Chapters, in: Behavioral and Distributional Effects of Environmental Policy, pages 13-44, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    13. Bruno Conte & Klaus Desmet & Esteban Rossi-Hansberg, 2022. "On the Geographic Implications of Carbon Taxes," NBER Working Papers 30678, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. Martin T. Ross, Patrick T. Sullivan, Allen A. Fawcett, and Brooks M. Depro, 2014. "Investigating Technology Options for Climate Policies: Differentiated Roles in ADAGE," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Special I).
    15. Xin Yun & Hao Liu & Yi Li & Kin Keung Lai, 2023. "Contract design under asymmetric demand information for sustainable supply chain practices," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 324(1), pages 1429-1459, May.
    16. Sebastian Rausch & Valerie J. Karplus, 2014. "Markets versus Regulation: The Efficiency and Distributional Impacts of U.S. Climate Policy Proposals," The Energy Journal, , vol. 35(1_suppl), pages 199-228, June.
    17. Bergemann, Dirk & Castro, Francisco & Weintraub, Gabriel Y., 2020. "The scope of sequential screening with ex post participation constraints," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    18. Frédéric Gonand, 2016. "The Carbon Tax, Ageing and Pension Deficits," Post-Print hal-01251698, HAL.
    19. Joseph E. Stiglitz, 2015. "In Praise of Frank Ramsey's Contribution to the Theory of Taxation," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 0(583), pages 235-268, March.
    20. Walls, Margaret & Hanson, Jean, 1999. "Distributional Aspects of an Environmental Tax Shift: The Case of Motor Vehicle Emissions Taxes," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association, vol. 52(n. 1), pages 53-65, March.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0289639. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.