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Customer lifetime value: stochastic optimization approach

Author

Listed:
  • W-K Ching

    (University of Hong Kong)

  • M K Ng

    (University of Hong Kong)

  • K-K Wong

    (University of Hong Kong)

  • E Altman

    (INRIA, Sophia-Antipolis Cedex)

Abstract

Since the early 1980s, the concept of relationship marketing has been becoming important in general marketing, especially in the area of direct and interactive marketing. The core of relationship marketing is the maintenance of long-term relationships with the customers. However, the relationship marketing is costly and therefore, the determination of the customer lifetime value (CLV) is an important element in making strategic decisions in both advertising and promotion. In this paper, we propose a stochastic dynamic programming model with a Markov chain for the optimization of CLV. Both cases of infinite horizon and finite horizon are discussed. The model is then applied to practical data of a computer service company.

Suggested Citation

  • W-K Ching & M K Ng & K-K Wong & E Altman, 2004. "Customer lifetime value: stochastic optimization approach," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 55(8), pages 860-868, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:jorsoc:v:55:y:2004:i:8:d:10.1057_palgrave.jors.2601755
    DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601755
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Berger, Paul D. & Bechwati, Nada Nasr, 2001. "The allocation of promotion budget to maximize customer equity," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 49-61, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Giuliano Tirenni & Abderrahim Labbi & Cesar Berrospi & André Elisseeff & Timir Bhose & Kari Pauro & Seppo Pöyhönen, 2007. "—Customer Equity and Lifetime Management (CELM) Finnair Case Study," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 26(4), pages 553-565, 07-08.
    2. Michelle Yoo & Billy Bai & Ashok Singh, 2020. "The evolution of behavioral loyalty and customer lifetime value over time: investigation from a Casino Loyalty Program," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(2), pages 45-56, June.
    3. Mehrdad Memarpour & Erfan Hassannayebi & Navid Fattahi Miab & Ali Farjad, 2021. "Dynamic allocation of promotional budgets based on maximizing customer equity," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 2365-2389, December.
    4. Kumar, V. & Pozza, Ilaria Dalla & Petersen, J. Andrew & Shah, Denish, 2009. "Reversing the Logic: The Path to Profitability through Relationship Marketing," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 23(2), pages 147-156.
    5. Michelle Yoo & Billy Bai & Ashok Singh, 0. "The evolution of behavioral loyalty and customer lifetime value over time: investigation from a Casino Loyalty Program," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 0, pages 1-12.
    6. So, Meko M.C. & Thomas, Lyn C., 2011. "Modelling the profitability of credit cards by Markov decision processes," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 212(1), pages 123-130, July.
    7. Sun, Yang & Garrett, Tony C. & Kim, Kyung Hoon, 2016. "Do Confucian principles enhance sustainable marketing and customer equity?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(9), pages 3772-3779.
    8. Blattberg, Robert C. & Malthouse, Edward C. & Neslin, Scott A., 2009. "Customer Lifetime Value: Empirical Generalizations and Some Conceptual Questions," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 23(2), pages 157-168.
    9. Ekinci, Yeliz & Ülengin, Füsun & Uray, Nimet & Ülengin, Burç, 2014. "Analysis of customer lifetime value and marketing expenditure decisions through a Markovian-based model," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 237(1), pages 278-288.
    10. Yeliz Ekinci & Füsun Ulengin & Nimet Uray, 2014. "Using customer lifetime value to plan optimal promotions," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(2), pages 103-122, January.
    11. von Janda, Sergej & Polthier, Andreas & Kuester, Sabine, 2021. "Do they see the signs? Organizational response behavior to customer complaint messages," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 116-127.
    12. Hans Buhl & Robert Klein & Johannes Kolb & Andrea Landherr, 2011. "CR 2 M—an approach for capacity control considering long-term effects on the value of a customer for the company," Metrika: International Journal for Theoretical and Applied Statistics, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 187-204, December.
    13. Klein, Robert & Kolb, Johannes, 2015. "Maximizing customer equity subject to capacity constraints," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 111-125.
    14. Olafsson, Sigurdur & Li, Xiaonan & Wu, Shuning, 2008. "Operations research and data mining," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 187(3), pages 1429-1448, June.
    15. Hamidreza Koosha & Amir Albadvi, 2020. "Allocation of marketing budgets to maximize customer equity," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 561-583, June.
    16. Hans Buhl & Martin Gneiser & Julia Heidemann, 2009. "Ein modelltheoretischer Ansatz zur Planung von Investitionen in Kundenbeziehungen," Metrika: International Journal for Theoretical and Applied Statistics, Springer, vol. 20(2), pages 175-195, October.
    17. H-Y Tsao & P-C Lin & L Pitt & C Campbell, 2009. "The impact of loyalty and promotion effects on retention rate," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 60(5), pages 646-651, May.
    18. Kessara Kanchanapoom & Jongsawas Chongwatpol, 2023. "Integrated customer lifetime value (CLV) and customer migration model to improve customer segmentation," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(2), pages 172-185, June.
    19. C Lin & Y-T Lin, 2008. "Robust analysis on promotion duration for two competitive brands," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 59(4), pages 548-555, April.
    20. Dahana, Wirawan Dony & Miwa, Yukihiro & Morisada, Makoto, 2019. "Linking lifestyle to customer lifetime value: An exploratory study in an online fashion retail market," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 319-331.
    21. Michael Löffler & Reinhold Decker, 2012. "Identifikation und praktische Nutzung von Mustern des Aufwärtskonsums," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 64(7), pages 722-746, November.
    22. Verhoef, Peter C. & Venkatesan, Rajkumar & McAlister, Leigh & Malthouse, Edward C. & Krafft, Manfred & Ganesan, Shankar, 2010. "CRM in Data-Rich Multichannel Retailing Environments: A Review and Future Research Directions," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 121-137.
    23. Cui, Geng & Wong, Man Leung & Wan, Xiang, 2015. "Targeting High Value Customers While Under Resource Constraint: Partial Order Constrained Optimization with Genetic Algorithm," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 27-37.
    24. Fader, Peter S. & Hardie, Bruce G.S., 2009. "Probability Models for Customer-Base Analysis," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 61-69.

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