IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/pal/jmarka/v13y2025i1d10.1057_s41270-023-00286-8.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Analysing user-generated content in sports events through the lens of the Spain brand

Author

Listed:
  • Inés Kuster

    (Universidad de Valencia)

  • Natalia Vila-Lopez

    (Universidad de Valencia)

  • Elísabet Mora

    (Universidad de Valencia)

  • María Isabel P. Riquelme Martínez

    (University of Murcia)

Abstract

This study explores the UGC of two international sports events related to a country to analyse: (1) the way that two international sports events-related UGC vary across different social media, (2) the types of UGC, and (3) the differences in the social media use in different countries. Using the word Spain and hashtags of XLI Marathon Valencia 2022 and Davis Cup 2022, 16,820 posts were obtained. Using frequencies, χ2 tests, sentiment analysis, and content analysis, results show (1) the prominent use of social media in both events, (2) different profiles between non-professionals and professionals, (3) predominant negative UGC in more professional content, and (4) the sentiment geolocation. Based on these results, it is possible to recommend considering the potential of each social network, analysing the profile of those who are active in the masses and trying to explain and transform those negative comments that can damage not only the image of the event but also of the country where it is held. Additionally, it is essential to underline the importance of rigorous and systematic social media study.

Suggested Citation

  • Inés Kuster & Natalia Vila-Lopez & Elísabet Mora & María Isabel P. Riquelme Martínez, 2025. "Analysing user-generated content in sports events through the lens of the Spain brand," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 13(1), pages 69-81, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:jmarka:v:13:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1057_s41270-023-00286-8
    DOI: 10.1057/s41270-023-00286-8
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1057/s41270-023-00286-8
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1057/s41270-023-00286-8?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Artem Timoshenko & John R. Hauser, 2019. "Identifying Customer Needs from User-Generated Content," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 38(1), pages 1-20, January.
    2. Lane T. Wakefield & Gregg Bennett, 2018. "Sports fan experience: Electronic word-of-mouth in ephemeral social media," Sport Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(2), pages 147-159, April.
    3. Geurin, Andrea N. & Burch, Lauren M., 2017. "User-generated branding via social media: An examination of six running brands," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(3), pages 273-284.
    4. Tat-Huei Cham & Jun-Hwa Cheah & Mumtaz Ali Memon & Kim-Shyan Fam & Józsa László, 2022. "Digitalization and its impact on contemporary marketing strategies and practices," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(2), pages 103-105, June.
    5. Wakefield, Lane T. & Bennett, Gregg, 2018. "Sports fan experience: Electronic word-of-mouth in ephemeral social media," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 147-159.
    6. Smith, Andrew N. & Fischer, Eileen & Yongjian, Chen, 2012. "How Does Brand-related User-generated Content Differ across YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter?," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 26(2), pages 102-113.
    7. Filo, Kevin & Lock, Daniel & Karg, Adam, 2015. "Sport and social media research: A review," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 166-181.
    8. Mike Thelwall & Kevan Buckley & Georgios Paltoglou, 2012. "Sentiment strength detection for the social web," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 63(1), pages 163-173, January.
    9. Kevin Filo & Daniel Lock & Adam Karg, 2015. "Sport and social media research: A review," Sport Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(2), pages 166-181, April.
    10. Jansen, Nora & Hinz, Oliver & Deusser, Clemens & Strufe, Thorsten, 2021. "Is the Buzz on? – A Buzz Detection System for Viral Posts in Social Media," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 1-17.
    11. Andrea N. Geurin & Lauren M. Burch, 2017. "User-generated branding via social media: An examination of six running brands," Sport Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(3), pages 273-284, July.
    12. Thomas Könecke & Holger Schunk & Tabea Schappel & Ine Hugaerts & Fabio Wagner & Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko, 2021. "German Marathon Runners’ Opinions on and Willingness to Pay for Environmental Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-17, September.
    13. Thao Thanh Thi Nguyen & Shurong Tong, 2023. "The impact of user-generated content on intention to select a travel destination," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(3), pages 443-457, September.
    14. Mike Thelwall & Kevan Buckley & Georgios Paltoglou, 2012. "Sentiment strength detection for the social web," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 63(1), pages 163-173, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Annamalai, Balamurugan & Yoshida, Masayuki & Varshney, Sanjeev & Pathak, Atul Arun & Venugopal, Pingali, 2021. "Social media content strategy for sport clubs to drive fan engagement," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    2. Tu, Rungting & Hsieh, Peishan & Feng, Wenting, 2019. "Walking for fun or for “likes”? The impacts of different gamification orientations of fitness apps on consumers’ physical activities," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(5), pages 682-693.
    3. Shuhua Yin & Chengzhou Fu & Guangquan Dai, 2023. "Exploring the Festival Attendees’ Experiences on Social Media: A Study on the Guangzhou International Light Festival," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(1), pages 21582440221, January.
    4. Agrawal, Shiv Ratan & Mittal, Divya, 2022. "Optimizing customer engagement content strategy in retail and E-tail: Available on online product review videos," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    5. Jifeng Mu & Jonathan Z. Zhang, 2021. "Seller marketing capability, brand reputation, and consumer journeys on e-commerce platforms," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 49(5), pages 994-1020, September.
    6. Giovanni Bernardo & Massimo Ruberti & Roberto Verona, 2022. "Image is everything! Professional football players' visibility and wages: evidence from the Italian Serie A," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(5), pages 595-614, January.
    7. Gabrielyan, Gnel & Just, David R., 2022. "The Effect of Logo Visibility on Brand Recognition and Willingness to Pay," 2022 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Anaheim, California 322354, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    8. Qalati, Sikander Ali & Yuan, Li Wen & Khan, Muhammad Aamir Shafique & Anwar, Farooq, 2021. "A mediated model on the adoption of social media and SMEs’ performance in developing countries," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    9. Syed Zeeshan Zahoor & A. M. Shah, 2024. "Impact of Social Media on Users’ Complex Buying Behaviour: Analysing the Mediating Effect of Perception and Moderating Effect of Extended Social Media Usage," Management and Labour Studies, XLRI Jamshedpur, School of Business Management & Human Resources, vol. 49(1), pages 119-148, February.
    10. Hayes, Michelle & Filo, Kevin & Geurin, Andrea & Riot, Caroline, 2020. "An exploration of the distractions inherent to social media use among athletes," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(5), pages 852-868.
    11. Martin Haselmayer & Marcelo Jenny, 2017. "Sentiment analysis of political communication: combining a dictionary approach with crowdcoding," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 51(6), pages 2623-2646, November.
    12. Næss, Hans Erik, 2017. "Authenticity matters: A digital ethnography of FIA World Rally Championship fan forums," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 105-113.
    13. Young Bin Kim & Sang Hyeok Lee & Shin Jin Kang & Myung Jin Choi & Jung Lee & Chang Hun Kim, 2015. "Virtual World Currency Value Fluctuation Prediction System Based on User Sentiment Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(8), pages 1-18, August.
    14. Booranakittipinyo, Amphai & Li, Rita Yi Man & Phakdeephirot, Nutteera, 2024. "Travelers' perception of smart airport facilities: An X (Twitter) sentiment analysis," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    15. Nicolas Scelles & Boris Helleu & Christophe Durand & Liliane Bonnal & Stephen Morrow, 2017. "Explaining the Number of Social Media Fans for North American and European Professional Sports Clubs with Determinants of Their Financial Value," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-19, November.
    16. Singh, Amit & Jenamani, Mamata & Thakkar, Jitesh J. & Rana, Nripendra P., 2022. "Quantifying the effect of eWOM embedded consumer perceptions on sales: An integrated aspect-level sentiment analysis and panel data modeling approach," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 52-64.
    17. Kharouf, Husni & Biscaia, Rui & Garcia-Perez, Alexeis & Hickman, Ellie, 2020. "Understanding online event experience: The importance of communication, engagement and interaction," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 735-746.
    18. Ping-Yu Hsu & Hong-Tsuen Lei & Shih-Hsiang Huang & Teng Hao Liao & Yao-Chung Lo & Chin-Chun Lo, 2019. "Effects of sentiment on recommendations in social network," Electronic Markets, Springer;IIM University of St. Gallen, vol. 29(2), pages 253-262, June.
    19. Fatma Najar & Nizar Bouguila, 2023. "On smoothing and scaling language model for sentiment based information retrieval," Advances in Data Analysis and Classification, Springer;German Classification Society - Gesellschaft für Klassifikation (GfKl);Japanese Classification Society (JCS);Classification and Data Analysis Group of the Italian Statistical Society (CLADAG);International Federation of Classification Societies (IFCS), vol. 17(3), pages 725-744, September.
    20. Boris Helleu, 2016. "Un état de la recherche en management du #Digisport : enjeux et perspectives," Post-Print hal-01715966, HAL.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pal:jmarka:v:13:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1057_s41270-023-00286-8. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.