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Adolescents’ psychosocial well-being one year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway

Author

Listed:
  • Tilmann Soest

    (University of Oslo
    Oslo Metropolitan University)

  • Michal Kozák

    (University of Oslo)

  • Rubén Rodríguez-Cano

    (University of Oslo)

  • Sam Fluit

    (University of Oslo)

  • Laura Cortés-García

    (University of Oslo)

  • Vidar S. Ulset

    (University of Oslo)

  • E. F. Haghish

    (University of Oslo)

  • Anders Bakken

    (Oslo Metropolitan University)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically restricted adolescents’ lives. We used nationwide Norwegian survey data from 2014–2021 (N = 227,258; ages 13–18) to examine psychosocial outcomes in adolescents before and during the pandemic. Multilevel models revealed higher depressive symptoms and less optimistic future life expectations during the pandemic, even when accounting for the measures’ time trends. Moreover, alcohol and cannabis use decreased, and screen time increased. However, the effect sizes of all observed changes during the pandemic were small. Overall, conduct problems and satisfaction with social relationships remained stable. Girls, younger adolescents and adolescents from low socio-economic backgrounds showed more adverse changes during the pandemic. Estimated changes in psychosocial outcomes varied little with municipality infection rates and restrictions. These findings can inform means and interventions to reduce negative psychological outcomes associated with the pandemic and identify groups that need particular attention during and after the pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Tilmann Soest & Michal Kozák & Rubén Rodríguez-Cano & Sam Fluit & Laura Cortés-García & Vidar S. Ulset & E. F. Haghish & Anders Bakken, 2022. "Adolescents’ psychosocial well-being one year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 6(2), pages 217-228, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nathum:v:6:y:2022:i:2:d:10.1038_s41562-021-01255-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41562-021-01255-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fairbrother, Malcolm, 2014. "Two Multilevel Modeling Techniques for Analyzing Comparative Longitudinal Survey Datasets," Political Science Research and Methods, Cambridge University Press, vol. 2(1), pages 119-140, April.
    2. Lubhana Malik Mental, 2019. "Mental Health in Adolescents," Global Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 6(3), pages 45-46, March.
    3. Bates, Douglas & Mächler, Martin & Bolker, Ben & Walker, Steve, 2015. "Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 67(i01).
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    Cited by:

    1. Jasper Dhoore & Bram Spruyt & Jessy Siongers, 2024. "Locked Down: The Gendered Impact of Social Support on Children’s Well-Being Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 17(1), pages 367-394, February.
    2. Neugebauer, Martin & Patzina, Alexander & Dietrich, Hans & Sandner, Malte, 2023. "Two Pandemic Years Greatly Reduced Young People's Life Satisfaction: Evidence from a Comparison with Pre-COVID-19 Panel Data," IZA Discussion Papers 16636, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Ligia Orellana & Berta Schnettler & Edgardo Miranda-Zapata & Mahia Saracostti & Héctor Poblete & Germán Lobos & Cristian Adasme-Berríos & María Lapo & Andrés Concha-Salgado, 2023. "Job satisfaction as a mediator between family-to-work conflict and satisfaction with family life: a dyadic analysis in dual-earner parents," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 18(1), pages 491-520, February.
    4. Julia Hansen & Artur Galimov & Jennifer B. Unger & Steve Y. Sussman & Reiner Hanewinkel, 2023. "Mental Health and Physical Complaints of German Children and Adolescents before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-13, March.
    5. Kung, Claryn S.J. & Kunz, Johannes S. & Shields, Michael A., 2023. "COVID-19 lockdowns and changes in loneliness among young people in the U.K," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 320(C).
    6. Nuru Jingili & Solomon Sunday Oyelere & Frank Ojwang & Friday Joseph Agbo & Markus B. T. Nyström, 2023. "Virtual Reality for Addressing Depression and Anxiety: A Bibliometric Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(9), pages 1-21, April.

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