From Brain Drain To Brain Circulation

In knowledge-oriented economy, economic growth is primarily determined by factors such as human capital, research, innovation and international cooperation. Due to this reason, migration of highly qualified working forces appears as one of the most important elements that contribute to GDP growth. Intensity of migration flows related to highly qualified migrants has significantly increased since millennium started. Therefore, governments of individual countries implement programs focused not only on attraction of their own scientists working abroad, but also at foreign researchers and students. Many experts who deal with this issue warn to the fact that concept of brains leakage becomes outdated and needs to be replaced by circulation of brains concept. The aim of this paper is to define main features of brains circulation concept, to identify steps of India, China and Korea for its stimulation and to make description of some EU member countries policies focused on foreign students who are predecessors of highly qualified workers.