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Visa Policies, Networks and the Cliff at the Border

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  • Simone Bertoli

    (CERDI - Centre d'Études et de Recherches sur le Développement International - UdA - Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Jesús Fernández-Huertas Moraga

    (UAM - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid)

Abstract

The scale of international migration flows depends on moving costs that are, in turn, influenced by host-country policies and by the size of migrant networks at destination. This paper estimates the influence of visa policies and networks upon bilateral migration flows to multiple destinations. We rely on a Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimator to derive estimates that are consistent under more general distributional assumptions on the underlying RUM model than the ones commonly adopted in the literature. We derive bounds for the estimated direct and indirect effects of visa policies and networks that reflect the uncertainty connected to the use of aggregate data, and we show that bilateral migration flows can be highly sensitive to the immigration policies set by other destination countries, an externality that we are able to quantify.

Suggested Citation

  • Simone Bertoli & Jesús Fernández-Huertas Moraga, 2015. "Visa Policies, Networks and the Cliff at the Border," CERDI Working papers halshs-01099863, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:cdiwps:halshs-01099863
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01099863
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    JEL classification:

    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration

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