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Screening of Cooling Technologies in Europe: Alternatives to Vapour Compression and Possible Market Developments

Author

Listed:
  • Simon Pezzutto

    (Institute for Renewable Energy, European Academy of Bolzano (EURAC Research), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy)

  • Giulio Quaglini

    (Institute for Renewable Energy, European Academy of Bolzano (EURAC Research), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy)

  • Philippe Riviere

    (Directorate-General for Energy (DG Energy), European Commission, Unit B3: Buildings and Products, 1049 Brussel, Belgium
    Center for Energy Efficient Systems (CES), Department of Energy and Processes (DEP), Mines ParisTech, PSL University, 60 Boulevard Saint-Michel, CEDEX 06, 75272 Paris, France)

  • Lukas Kranzl

    (Energy Economics Group, Institute of Energy Systems and Electric Drives, TU Wien, Gusshausstrasse 25-29/370-3, 1040 Vienna, Austria)

  • Antonio Novelli

    (Planetek Italia, Via Massaua 12, 70132 Bari, Italy)

  • Andrea Zambito

    (Institute for Renewable Energy, European Academy of Bolzano (EURAC Research), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy)

  • Eric Wilczynski

    (Institute for Renewable Energy, European Academy of Bolzano (EURAC Research), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy)

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate, review, and assess the recent advances of alternative cooling technologies using traditional vapor compression (VC) systems as a baseline. Around 99% of the final energy consumption used for cooling in the current European market (European Union plus the United Kingdom (EU27 + UK) is supplied by VC technologies. In comparison, the remaining 1% is produced by thermally driven heat pumps (TDHPs). This study focuses on providing a complete taxonomy of cooling technologies. While the EU heating sector is broadly explored in scientific literature, a significant lack of data and information is present in the cooling sector. This study highlights technologies that can potentially compete and eventually replace VC systems within the decade (2030). Among others, the most promising of these are membrane heat pump, transcritical cycle, Reverse Brayton (Bell Coleman cycle), and absorption cooling. However, the latter mentioned technologies still need further research and development (R&D) to become fully competitive with VC technologies. Notably, there are no alternative cooling technologies characterized by higher efficiency and less cost than VC technologies in the EU market.

Suggested Citation

  • Simon Pezzutto & Giulio Quaglini & Philippe Riviere & Lukas Kranzl & Antonio Novelli & Andrea Zambito & Eric Wilczynski, 2022. "Screening of Cooling Technologies in Europe: Alternatives to Vapour Compression and Possible Market Developments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-24, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:5:p:2971-:d:763549
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Simon Pezzutto & Matteo De Felice & Reza Fazeli & Lukas Kranzl & Stefano Zambotti, 2017. "Status Quo of the Air-Conditioning Market in Europe: Assessment of the Building Stock," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Simon Pezzutto & Reza Fazeli & Matteo De Felice & Wolfram Sparber, 2016. "Future development of the air-conditioning market in Europe: an outlook until 2020," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 5(6), pages 649-669, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Albahri, O.S. & Alamoodi, A.H. & Deveci, Muhammet & Albahri, A.S. & Mahmoud, Moamin A. & Sharaf, Iman Mohamad & Coffman, D'Maris, 2023. "Multi-perspective evaluation of integrated active cooling systems using fuzzy decision making model," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    2. Elnagar, Essam & Zeoli, Alanis & Rahif, Ramin & Attia, Shady & Lemort, Vincent, 2023. "A qualitative assessment of integrated active cooling systems: A review with a focus on system flexibility and climate resilience," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    3. Muhsin Kılıç, 2022. "Evaluation of Combined Thermal–Mechanical Compression Systems: A Review for Energy Efficient Sustainable Cooling," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-38, October.

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