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Enhancing Dewpoint Indirect Evaporative Cooling with Intermittent Water Spraying and Advanced Materials: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Łukasz Stefaniak

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50377 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Agnieszka Grabka

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50377 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Juliusz Walaszczyk

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50377 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Rajski

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50377 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Jan Danielewicz

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50377 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Wiktoria Jaskóła

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50377 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Maja Wochniak

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50377 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Weronika Żyta

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50377 Wrocław, Poland)

Abstract

Dewpoint indirect evaporative cooling (DIEC) offers an energy-efficient, eco-friendly alternative to conventional air conditioning by using water and air to lower temperatures. With the rising demand for sustainable cooling solutions—especially in regions facing water scarcity and high energy costs—optimizing these systems for real-world conditions is more important than ever. One major challenge is ensuring that DIEC systems perform well when water is supplied intermittently rather than continuously. In this review, we examine how intermittent water supply affects the cooling performance and overall efficiency of DIEC systems. We discuss recent studies that highlight the importance of key factors such as the properties of heat exchanger materials, design modifications, and control strategies. Our analysis reveals that while innovative materials like hydrophilic membranes and adaptive design features can improve performance, their widespread use is often limited by cost and scalability. We also point out critical research gaps, particularly in applying intermittent water spraying to non-porous heat exchangers. Overall, our findings underscore the need for integrated water management strategies in DIEC design. We advocate a cross-disciplinary approach—bridging fluid dynamics, material science, and environmental engineering—to develop more resilient and sustainable cooling technologies.

Suggested Citation

  • Łukasz Stefaniak & Agnieszka Grabka & Juliusz Walaszczyk & Krzysztof Rajski & Jan Danielewicz & Wiktoria Jaskóła & Maja Wochniak & Weronika Żyta, 2025. "Enhancing Dewpoint Indirect Evaporative Cooling with Intermittent Water Spraying and Advanced Materials: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-24, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:9:p:2296-:d:1646562
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    References listed on IDEAS

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