Has the Digital Economy Affected the Status of a Country’s Energy Trade Network?

The current global energy trade network is changing dramatically: the essence of the change is digitalization and renewable energy, and the study of the impact of the digital economy on the changing status of a country’s energy trade network is of great practical significance for each country to ensure energy security. We find that: the digital economy has a direct impact on a country’s climbing position in the fossil energy trade network and the renewable energy trade network. The high technology attributes of the digital economy lead to the rise of energy trading networks in energy-exporting countries by affecting their energy production efficiency and product competitiveness; the high energy-consuming attributes of the digital economy have an indirect effect by affecting the energy demand of energy-importing countries. The digital economy has a positive and increasing marginal nonlinear effect on the change in the status of renewable energy trade networks, and a positive but decreasing marginal nonlinear effect on the climbing status of fossil energy trade networks. This paper confirms the impact of the digital economy on a country’s changing position in the global energy trade network and provides policy insights for each country to ensure energy security.